Role of Clinical Psychologists in Valuing People

Role of Clinical Psychologists in Valuing People What role should clinical psychologists play in implementing the recommendation of â€Å"Valuing People†? Clinical psychologists, in general, work in various settings diagnosing, through assessment and treating mental health disorders. In 2001 the ‘Valuing people’ project started as a governmental initiative and strategy with certain performance indicators in order to address the needs of people with learning disabilities by improving the quality of their lives and that of their families and carers. According to the (2001) white paper on valuing people, although it is difficult to provide accurate statistics on the number of people with learning disabilities in England, in 1999 it was estimated that about 210,000 people have ‘severe and profound’ learning disabilities and 1.2 million people have ‘mild / moderate’ learning disabilities. Further, amongst the 210,000 people with severe and profound learning disabilities the majority (i.e. 120,000) is working age adults; 65,000 are youth and 25,000 are elderly people (available on: www.archive.officiald ocuments.co.uk/document/cm50/5086/5086.pdf). Clinical psychologists are mentioned in this white paper alongside other learning disability specialists engaged with the project towards improving the health of people with learning disabilities. This essay focuses on the roles of clinical psychologists in terms of acheiving the following project objectives: (1) disabled children and young people; (2) transition into adult life; (3) more choice and control; (4) supporting carers and (5) good health. These five objectives contribute to the overall aims of valuing people to protect the rights of those with learning difficulties as citizens, to ensure their full inclusion in their local communities, to expand the range of life-options available and to increase their independence. Children and people with severe learning disabilities might be unable to describe complicated internal feelings and a diagnosis can only be reached by behavioural observation and functional analysis, which the clinical psychologist can provide. In general there is a high rate of behavioural problems among people with a learning disability (Debb et al., 2001). Emerson (1995) postulates that between 30%-50% of people with a learning disability tend to demonstrate a variety of challenging behaviours. Nevertheless, challenging behaviour is not a formal psychiatric diagnosis, but rather a broad social construction (Emerson, 1998). It can, however, be taken as a sign of a mental illness – or it can mask i t. Clinical psychologists can assess challenging behaviours, understand their causes and then offer appropriate interventions (including the services of other health care specialists such as social workers) in order to eliminate them. In terms of the first objective about disabled people and young adults, clinical psychologists play a key role in identifying and accurately diagnosing their disability. A person with a learning disability is from early years likely to experience stressful and adverse life events that will create vulnerability for mental health problems (Bouras et al., 2000). That is so because in addition to cognitive problems and psychosocial stressors, genetic and biochemical factors tend to increase the probability for both challenging behaviour and mental illness (Bouras et al., 2000). The possible combination of these factors can make assessments and diagnosis extremely difficult. Correct diagnosis of disability is crucial for providing appropriate health and social care to the person with disability; while clinical psychologists work in a multi-disciplinary team of learning disability specialists who inform both the disabled person and their family about all support services available to them. Clinical psychologists are important in monitoring the progress that young people with disability make, when receiving health treatment alongside suitable family support services, in order to modify their treatment and the provision of support services to address any changes in their needs. This implies that clinical psychologists need to assess regularly the quality of health care these people receive and to ensure that disabled children and young people are getting appropriate health care in order that they are and feel included in education, family life and their local community. In the second objective of ‘transition into adult life’ again clinical psychologists have a key role working in multidisciplinary teams of learning disability specialists (e.g. in settings such as the Connexions partnership) towards providing appropriate and continuous health and social care support to young people, who are becoming adults, and their families in order that adults with disability can be included in education, training, employment and their local community. Clinical psychologists can help young people with disability to understand their growth into adulthood and its psychological and practical implications. In this it is useful having consistency in attending the same person with disability from their youth into adulthood because then the disabled person will tend to trust more the clinical psychologist and his interventions. The development of young people with disability into adults is associated with the third objective of the valuing people project which is about providing more choice and control. Mental health problems can be a major factor in limiting not only quality of life but also successful community interaction and adaptation (Reiss, 1994). There is a general consensus regarding the prevalence of mental disorder in adults with a learning disability (Turner Moss, 1996). A review of relevant research revealed a prevalence range of mental disorder in adults with a learning disability from 14.3 % to 67.3 % (Campell Malone, 1991). Clinical psychologists with their person-centred approach have a valuable contribution to make in enriching the choices disabled people have through involving these people in the planning of suitable services for them and increasing public awareness of what these people can do and their rights in our society. In addition, clinical psychologists are significant contributors in the achievement of objectives (4) ‘supporting carers’ and (5) ‘good health’ because of their knowledge, skills and experience as health care specialists they can assess the needs of carers providing appropriate solutions to support them and their disabled people to access good health care services regardless of their ethnic background. Therefore, clinical psychologists should work to reduce health care inequalities and increase access for all carers and disabled people to health care. Moreover, clinical psychologists have to support and encourage the development of NHS’s services and provisions of specialist learning disability services that address holistically the needs of disabled people through the work of multi-disciplinary teams of disability specialists. To summarise, clinical psychologists can play several and important roles in implementing the recommendations of the valuing people project, especially in order to achieve its first five project objectives. Furthermore, in collaboration with other professionals in multidisciplinary teams of disability specialists clinical psychologists need to get involved in more proactive work. Having knowledge of human development, learning theories and aetiology of mental health illnesses clinical psychologist could play also an important role in preventive work on individual basis as well as in service development suitable for proactive adaptation and assimilation of people with disabilities in education, employment, their community and in the society. References: Campbell, M., Malone, R.P. (1991). Mental retardation and psychiatric disorders. Hospital and Community Psychiatry, 42, 4. Department of Health. (2000). Valuing People: a new strategy for learning disability for the 21st century. (Retrieved 05/11/06 and it is available on www.archive.officialdocuments.co.uk/document/cm50/5086/5086.pdf>). Emerson, E., Moss, S. C. Kiernan, C. K. (2000). The relationship between challenging behaviour and psychiatric disorders in people with severe intellectual disabilities. In Psychiatric and Behavioural Disorders in Mental Retardation (ed. N. Bouras), 38-48. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Emerson, E. (1995). Challenging behaviour: analysis and intervention in people with learning disabilities. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Emerson, E. (1998). Clinical psychology and people with intellectual disabilities. London: Wiley Sons. Thomas, D. M. Bright, C. (2001). Mental disorder in adults with intellectual disability. The Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 25, Part 6, 506-514. Turner, S. Moss, S. (1996). The health needs of adults with learning disabilities and the Health of the Nation strategy. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 40,  438-450.

TMA from WOU

Corporate Finance (BBF304) TMA 1 (25%) Total Marks: 100% 1. Given the following weighted market value of stocks in your portfolio and their expected rate of return, E(Ri), answer the following questions. (30 marks) Stock Weighted Market Value (%) E(Ri) Gamuda 14 – 0. 05 Public Bank 37 0. 12 Petronas 24 0. 14 SapuraCrest 10 0. 08 Celcom 15 0. 06 (a) W hat is the expected rate of return for your common stock portfolio? (6 marks) (b) Critically discuss why most investors hold diversified portfolio. (4 marks) (c) What is correlation, and explain why it is important in portfolio theory? (5 marks) (d) The capital asset pricing model (CAPM) contends that some risks are diversifiable, but others are not. Critically discuss what is the relevant risk variable considered in the CAPM? In your discussion, provide ONE (1) example for the relevant risk. (10 marks) 2. What is the concept of Efficient Market Hypothesis (EMH)? Compare and contrast between three forms of Efficient Market Hypothesis (EMH) – weak, semi-strong, and strong forms. (10 marks) . Critically discuss TWO (2) evidence supporting and TWO (2) evidence against the Efficient Market Hypothesis (EMH). (10 mark) 4. There are three probable economic outcomes in the evaluation of stock A and B for the second half of 2012. Based on the following information, answer all the questions. (25 marks) State of Economy Boom Normal Recession Probability of State of Economy 20% 50% 30% Returns on stock A Returns on stock B 8% 5% 2% 20% 12% -10% (a) What is the expected rate of return for stock A and B, respectively? 9 marks) (b) W hat is the standard deviation for stock A and B, respectively? (9 marks) (c) Assuming that stock A and stock B have beta of 0. 8 and 1. 6, respectively. The expected return of the market is 8% and the risk-free rate is 5%. W hat is the required return for stock A and B using Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) method? (4 marks) (d) Based on your calculated answer in part (a) and (c) above, which stock should you invest in? Justify your answer. (4 marks) e) Assume that you want to create a portfolio by investing in these two stocks; 50 percent in stock A and 50 percent in stock B. What is your expected return on this portfolio? (4 marks) 5. Compare and contrast Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM), Arbitrage Pricing Theory (APT) and Fama and French Three Factor Model (TFM). (13 marks) 6. In Malaysia, Cagamas is currently the sole issuer of mo rtgage -backed securities. Critically discuss THREE (3) contributing roles of Cagamas in the financial sector associated with property market in Malaysia. (12 marks)

Machiavelli And Socrates Similarities - 1437 Words

An individual’s background can have a profound effect on the beliefs and ideology they come to develop. This does not mean, however, that two individuals with similar backgrounds will adopt the same values or view their environment in the same way. This is the case with two philosophers, Socrates and Machiavelli, who both lived during times of internal political strife. Greece was divided into numerous city states that were constantly at war with one another and hundreds of years later, Italy would also experience this political fragmentation and violence. Despite having these identical environments, Socrates and Machiavelli adopted two very distinctive and contrasting perspectives. Socrates used his experiences and the environment†¦show more content†¦Regardless of whether or not these people need to be killed, Socrates would still find this bloodshed to be immoral and against his code of ethics. In addition to this variation in moral values, Machiavelli also had different goals in mind. As someone who lived and suffered through the fall and return of the Medici family, Machiavelli wanted the political turmoil and chaos within Italy to end and thus greatly supported its unification. Although this union was of great interest to him, Socrates was not nearly as concerned with unifying Greece, but rather maintaining a strict level of morality in order to avoid the bloodshed that would come with creating this union. While Socrates would have sought to find a peaceful approach, Machiavelli knows what goes into being a successful politician and how difficult maintaining this unified Italy can be. In this way, Machiavelli plays the role of the realist and chooses to view the situation how it is and not how it should be. He accepts the chaotic nature of Italian politics during the Renaissance and uses his experiences to deal with the situation. Socrates, however, viewed the worl d through a very different perspective and would have completely opposed Machiavelli’s pessimistic worldview. This idea of realism versus idealism is further displayed through Machiavelli’s concept of the people.Show MoreRelatedSimilarities Of Socrates And Machiavelli1669 Words   |  7 PagesBoth Socrates and Machiavelli emerged as renowned thinkers of their time because of their approaches to government that moved away from idealism and towards a rational and real approach. To understand why Socrates would be critical of Machiavelli’s concept of a Prince we must understand the similarities and differences between the two philosophers, and then analyze if Socrates would find his ruling system to be efficient. Socrates and Machiavelli value the qualities of a strong and fair ruler, howeverRead MoreSimilarities Between Socrates And Machiavelli1197 Words   |  5 Pages Socrates and Machiavelli both grew up in times of political instability which formed and shaped their political beliefs. Machiavelli primarily discussed his view of how a leader should behave in the book: The Prince. A prince is an individual who is the leader of a state or group of people. Machiavelli’s version of a prince is very accurate but, Socrates would not support Machiavelli’s version of a prince. Machiavelli believed a prince must be domineering and aggressive, while Socrates viewedRead MoreSimilarities Of Socrates And Machiavelli2045 Words   |  9 Pagesago, Socrates and Machiavelli were both influential thinkers whose works are still relevant today. These two great thinkers and philosophers wrote about and extensively studied political systems. The influences of their work can still be seen today in constitutions and governmen ts around the world. Were it not for their transcendent works, there is a real chance today’s systems of government would look very different. While no governments today exactly match those advocated for by Machiavelli andRead MoreSimilarities Between Socrates And Machiavelli1905 Words   |  8 PagesEssay 1 While Socrates and Machiavelli lived over 1900 years apart, the dilemmas their societies faced draw many parallels. In Machiavelli’s â€Å"The Prince†, he demonstrates a wide-ranging set of rules and principles to be followed by a leader to ensure the steady maintenance of authority and stability in a state or principality. Not only would Socrates be opposed to many of the espoused views in â€Å"The Prince† on what creates a successful ruler, thereby society, but had he lived in Machiavelli’s â€Å"ideal†Read MoreSimilarities Between Socrates And Machiavelli1084 Words   |  5 Pagesamong them were Socrates and Machiavelli, whose ideas regarding violence and its ideal usage to us inspired countless other prominent figures after their respective times. Socrates believed humans are imperfect and fallible, and should therefore avoid using violence. Machiavelli on the on the other hand considered violence a useful tool in achieving one’s goals . Considering both thinkers’ impacts on history, a question arises: whose concept of violence is more corrupting, Socrates’ or Machiavelli’sRead MoreSimilarities Between Machiavelli And Socrates1534 Words   |  7 PagesGovernment 241: Political Philosophy Professor Ives October 13, 2017 The morality which guided Socrates were an end all, be all for him. He did not wish to live without his search for truth. Socrates would see a Machiavellian Prince as self-centered, and void of morals. A Machiavellian prince would not appreciate the way Socrates carried himself and would see him as a challenge to his authority. Socrates would not support a Machiavellian society because most likely he would not be free to philosophizeRead MoreSimilarities Between Machiavelli And Socrates1250 Words   |  5 PagesMachiavelli and Socrates are two of the most influential figures in modern day political philosophy. These two individuals established the bases for our interpretation of the world and human political interaction. While they were separated by centuries and a significant geographic distance, it is fascinating nonetheless to ponder what they would think of each other. Sadly it is impossible to ask themselves and so we must instead turn to their writings in order to glean an ide a of what their opinionsRead MoreSimilarities Between Socrates And Machiavelli1649 Words   |  7 PagesSocrates and Machiavelli both existed during times of political unrest. Both men sought different means of political leadership, and could be seen as activists of their times. During times of war and unrest, it was a bold choice that both men made to stand up for their beliefs and speak out against the system. However, Socrates wouldn’t have agreed with Machiavelli’s means and concepts of the Prince and his ideas for how a political establishment should function. Machiavelli’s means may have beenRead MoreSimilarities Between Machiavelli And Socrates1544 Words   |  7 PagesMachiavelli and Socrates agree on very little. While an initial reading of the two may elicit some comparisons, the goals of their respective philosophies rely on different foundations, and would therefore culminate in very different political results for society. Socrates would likely see in the Prince a selfish ruler, while Machiavelli would see in Socrates a dangerous idealist whose ideas would lead to instability and the death of the state in which these ideas were implemented. Machiavelli’sRead MoreSimilarities Between Socrates And Machiavelli1803 Words   |  8 PagesMachiavelli and Socrates were beings of their time. The world around them shaped their views, and their views have in turn shaped ours. While both lived through turbulent times, they do not share the same ideology. Socrates would dislike Machiavelli’s description of the ideal princ e, regardless of how the prince actually ruled. Socrates would oppose both how the prince got to power and keeps it, as well as the society over which he rules. Socrates assigned certain responsibilities to both the ruler

University of Florida Acceptance Rate, SAT/ACT Scores, GPA

The University of Florida is a public research university with an acceptance rate of 38%. Along with Florida State University, the University of Florida is a flagship campus of Floridas state university system. With over 35,000 undergraduate and 16,000 graduate students, UF is the third the largest university in the state. Considering applying to the University of Florida? Here are the admissions statistics you should know, including average SAT/ACT scores and GPAs of admitted students. Why the University of Florida? Location: Gainesville, FloridaCampus Features: UFs attractive 2,000-acre campus features beautiful brick buildings, miles of walks, woods, a lake, and a golf course. The majority of students live in off-campus housing, and 15 percent of students join fraternities or sororities.Student/Faculty Ratio: 19:1Athletics: The NCAA Division I Florida Gators compete in the Southeastern Conference.Highlights: UF has strong pre-professional programs in fields such as business, engineering, and the health sciences. Strong liberal arts and sciences earned the school a chapter of Phi Beta Kappa, and the school ranks among the top colleges in the Southeast. Acceptance Rate During the 2017-18 admissions cycle, the University of Florida had an acceptance rate of 38%. This means that for every 100 students who applied, 38 were admitted, making UFs admissions process competitive. Admissions Statistics (2017-18) Number of Applicants 38,905 Percent Admitted 38% Percent Admitted Who Enrolled (Yield) 45% SAT Scores and Requirements The University of Florida requires that all applicants submit either SAT or ACT scores. During the 2017-18 admissions cycle, 82% of admitted students submitted SAT scores. SAT Range (Admitted Students) Section 25th Percentile 75th Percentile ERW 640 710 Math 640 730 ERW=Evidence-Based Reading and Writing This admissions data tells us that most of UFs admitted students fall within the top 20% nationally on the SAT. For the evidence-based reading and writing section, 50% of students admitted to the University of Florida scored between 640 and 710, while 25% scored below 640 and 25% scored above 710. On the math section, 50% of admitted students scored between 640 and 730, while 25% scored below 640 and 25% scored above 730. Applicants with a composite SAT score of 1440 or higher will have particularly competitive chances at UF. Requirements UF does not require the SAT writing section or SAT Subject tests. Note that the University of Florida participates in the scorechoice program, which means that the admissions office will consider your highest score from each individual section across all SAT test dates. ACT Scores and Requirements UF requires that all applicants submit either SAT or ACT scores. During the 2017-18 admissions cycle, 57% of admitted students submitted ACT scores. ACT Range (Admitted Students) Section 25th Percentile 75th Percentile English 26 34 Math 26 30 Composite 27 32 This admissions data tells us that most of UFs admitted students fall within the top 14% nationally on the ACT. The middle 50% of students admitted to the University of Florida received a composite ACT score between 27 and 32, while 25% scored above 32 and 25% scored below 27. Requirements Note that UF does not superscore ACT results; your highest composite ACT score will be considered. The University of Florida does not require the ACT writing section. GPA In 2018, the middle 50% of University of Floridas incoming class had high school GPAs between 4.2 and 4.6, and an average GPA of 4.42. 25% had a GPA above 4.6, and 25% had a GPA below 4.2. These results suggest that most successful applicants to the University of Florida have primarily A grades. Self-Reported GPA/SAT/ACT Graph University of Florida Applicants Self-Reported GPA/SAT/ACT Graph. Data courtesy of Cappex. The admissions data in the graph is self-reported by applicants to the University of Florida. GPAs are unweighted. Find out how you compare to accepted students, see the real-time graph, and calculate your chances of getting in with a free Cappex account. Admissions Chances The University of Florida, which accepts just over a third of applicants, has a competitive admissions pool with above-average SAT/ACT scores and average GPAs. However, UF has a  holistic admissions process involving other factors beyond your grades and test scores. A strong personal essay and UF supplement can strengthen your application, as can participation in meaningful extracurricular activities and a rigorous course schedule. Students with a special talent, unusual background,  or an interesting story to tell will often get a close look even if their grades and test scores are outside of UFs average range. In the graph above, the blue and green dots represent accepted students. The great majority of students who got in had  an unweighted  high school GPA of 3.2 or higher, SAT scores (ERWM) of 1050 or higher, and ACT composite scores over 21. The higher those numbers, the more likely a student is to be  accepted; admitted students typically have A level grades and standardized test scores that are well above those averages. Some students with excellent grades and standardized test scores do not get admitted. The University of Florida looks for students who excel both inside and outside of the classroom, so strong academics by themselves may not be enough to get in. If it doesnt look like an applicant will contribute to the UF campus community in a meaningful way, that student is likely to receive a rejection letter.   All admissions data has been sourced from the National Center for Education Statistics and University of Floridas Undergraduate Admissions Office.

Abortion is Immoral Essay - 1518 Words

For centuries society has placed their own opinions on the topic of abortion. Some claim to be Pro Choice, and believe that the decision should lie only in the hands of the woman carrying the child. Others are Pro Life, and say that abortion is unethical and is considered as a form of homicide. All depending on one’s human dignity, the argument differs. Human dignity is the sense of self-worth and self-respect that one inhabits. With this being said, the way one feels about themselves as a human-being, as well as other human-beings, has an effect on one’s outlook on abortion. Although there is a current controversy regarding the topic of abortion, whether the argument be pro-life or pro-choice, the opinions and facts defending the pro-life†¦show more content†¦Unfortunately, many women had to suffer before methods of safety and efficiency were developed and used. Abortion eventually became illegal in all 50 states in 1899, which was subject to change several de cades later. A popular Supreme Court ruling during a case known as Roe V. Wade is what mainly caused this ratification. The case involved a woman, pregnant at the time, who was fighting for her right to an abortion. She had believed that the laws in the state of Texas, where she had lived and sought out an abortion, were unconstitutional. She believed that her right to an abortion was crucial as a woman, as did the Supreme Court when they ruled her case just in 1973. In this ruling, however, they divided the pregnancy into three sections, known as trimesters. They ruled that in the first trimester abortion is always legal. However, in the second trimester it is only legal when the mother’s life is in danger, and in the third it ruled that abortion is illegal unless it is the only answer to saving the mother’s life (Durrett 16). Since the very beginning, people have been forming their own opinion on the subject of abortion, and deciding which side of the argument stands as humanly dignified to them. Some argue that the decision of abortion lies in the hands of the mother who is carrying the child, otherwise known as the pro-choice viewpoint. On this side of the controversy, people believe that the importance of theShow MoreRelatedIs Abortion Immoral And Murder?1391 Words   |  6 PagesThe English dictionary definition of abortion is: The termination of pregnancy by the removal or expulsion from the uterus of a fetus or embryo prior to being capable of normal growth. Abortion, as always, has been one of the most controversial topics of all times. Many people believe that abortion is immoral and murder because they consider a fetus to be a human being. The people that believe this are called pro-life believers. Then there are those that believe that a woman should be able to doRead MoreAbortion Is Immoral And Unethical1234 Words   |  5 Pageshave an abortion. The choice is hers to make and legally, she can have an abortion if desired. Morally , however, there are many other aspects to consider. Abortion, as defined by Merriam-Webster, is the termination of a pregnancy after, accompanied by, resulting in, or closely followed by the death of the embryo or fetus. For over a century, abortion has been one of the most highly disputed subjects in America, and this trend continues in today’s society. To many people, it is immoral and unethicalRead MoreWhy Abortion Is Immoral?2002 Words   |  9 PagesAbortion has been and continues to be among the most contested and heated debates (at least in the U.S.). Despite this, arguments on both sides usually fall short of proving their claim, relying on emotion and political dogma to assert their claim, instead of their side’s rational arguments. Don Marquis (abortion as immoral) and Judith Jarvis Thomson (abortion as not necessarily immoral), however, break this general trend remarkably well. It is the purpose of this paper to outline why abortion isRead MoreAbortion I s An Immoral Act Essay1447 Words   |  6 PagesResearch Paper on Abortion I have chosen to write my research paper on one of the most controversial topics in today’s society that I could think of. I chose this topic because it something that is often argued and fought over, but most individuals do not actually know all the facts and statistics about the specific topic. I have chosen to write my research paper about abortion. I hope that I can persuade my readers that abortion is an immoral act, an act that should not be thought of so lightlyRead MoreAbortion - Is It Moral or Immoral2853 Words   |  12 PagesAbortion – Moral or Immoral? I would argue that abortion is immoral. Abortion is a debate that continues day in, day out, year in, year out. We have laws that have been set into place, yet the debate continues. The opposing sides in the debate each strongly believe they are right. The pro-choice supporters see a womans right to choose as central to the debate. The pro-choice advocates see the life of the baby as the most important concern. Very little middle ground exists on the issueRead MoreAbortion is Immoral Essay932 Words   |  4 PagesAbortion is Immoral If you wish to uphold basic human justice, you must do so for everyone- not just selectively for the people that your side, your culture, your nation designates as OK. Edward Said The basic beliefs of Pro-life defendants Human rights for human beings: Pro-lifers believe that human beings have right since they are alive. Medical research proves that the fetus is a living organism from the moment of conception (Gargaro). During conception, a sperm withRead MoreWhy Abortion Is Immoral?2174 Words   |  9 PagesWhy Abortion Is Immoral Even In The Extreme Event Of Rape Or Incest: It is only justifiable if by the â€Å"Principle of the Double Effect† Abortion is an issue that has been debated for several centuries, and it is not going to go away any time soon. If both sides continue to remain firm in their own principles and fight for what they consider to be right, while also demonizing those who hold just as strong of beliefs and convictions on the other side, abortion will be an issue that will be questionedRead MoreAbortion is Murder and Immoral Essay1339 Words   |  6 PagesAbortion is Murder and Immoral In Americas Society Abortion is a topic that most people rather not face. More and more abortions occur everyday, causing potential lives to be terminated due to irresponsible sexual activity among adults and teens. Abortions cheats the unborn child of his or hers existence and unknown experiences to come. Abortions are quick escape goats for irresponsible individuals and cause pain, suffering, and death. I t is against the law and immoral to kill another humanRead MorePersuasive Speech : Is Abortion Immoral?797 Words   |  4 PagesPersuasive speech Is abortion immoral? In my opinion, abortion is not immoral. Whether a mother wants to get an abortion or not, is up to the individual. Everyone is entitled to the rights of their own body, therefore it is wrong to tell someone what they can and can’t do with it. Pregnancy has a huge effect on the mother’s body alone; it changes every aspect of her life forever. Having a child, especially if it is unplanned, could potentially disrupt her career, social life and many other importantRead MoreThe Article Why Abortion Is Immoral1489 Words   |  6 PagesIn the article â€Å"Why Abortion is Immoral,† Don Marquis starts by appealing to the general principle about the wrongness of killing; thus, assuming that the killing of any being is morally unethical in any situation. He then proposes that the killing of a fetus is depriving a being of their future and explains why abortion is morally wrong. His main argument in the article is that it is not morally acceptable to kill the average human being unless given severe conditions due to the fact that it is

Apple, a Socially Responsible Corporation Free Essays

string(54) " calculate greenhouse gas emissions for each product\." Apple, a Socially Responsible Corporation It is no mystery that companies exist and desire to make a profit from their product or service being offered. However, it is becoming increasing popular that companies desire to achieve social responsibility in order to increase their public image, which in turn should lead to increased profits. In this class, we learned that social responsibility is the duty to take an action that will benefit the interests of society and the organization (Kinicki Williams 2011). We will write a custom essay sample on Apple, a Socially Responsible Corporation or any similar topic only for you Order Now One of the ways to become more socially responsible that is adopted by many companies is through green management, which is referred to using various policies to reduce environmental problems (Tim Barnett, n. d. ). More and more companies are becoming concerned about the impact their organization is having on the natural environment. Green management can, and should be, done by small and large organizations since it can increase the public image of the organization, thus affecting consumer’s perspectives and investors’ behavior. In the short-term, going green means that management assists in saving the natural environment. However, in the long-term, the costs will be reduced, thus increasing profits as well as achieving green management through waste minimization and improved energy efficiency. Therefore, making â€Å"going green† a win-win situation. By contrast, those companies that continuously cause pollutions will be criticized as companies of social irresponsibility, which will damage their public image and affect the sales of their products. For this research paper I have chosen to discuss Apple Inc. nd how they are a socially responsible corporation. Apple (then Apple Computer) was built by Steven Wozniak and Steven Jobs in April of 1976. For more than two decades, Apple was predominantly a manufacturer of personal computers, including the Apple I, II, Macintosh, and Power Mac lines. In 1985 Jobs was fired from the corporation he had help start. However, due to the low market share and rocky s ales experienced during the 90s, Jobs returned as Apple’s CEO in 1996 (Company History, n. d. ). Apple’s products now include MacBook, iPod, iPhone, iPad, as well as some online services like iTunes and iCloud. Since Apple is currently the largest technology firm in the world, its policies about environment protection are certain to carry weight by public and even have some level of impact on the behavior of its suppliers. [update] One way that Apple has become socially responsible is by creating products that are multi-functional. In 2010, Apple launched a new product, the iPad. The iPad provides multi-functions such as e-book reader, cameras allowing for Face Time and HD video recording, Wi-Fi, 3G, and theater and music repository to name a few. This means that consumers who own an iPad no longer need to purchase e-book reader, camera, mp3 or mp4, and even the DVD player since it has gathered the functions of various products in one. In other words, it has fulfilled the different desire of the consumers in just one product. Perhaps this is why the iPad had been sold out in the first quarter of the 2010 financial year. Apple has also successfully developed a longer-lasting battery which outlasted competitor’s batteries. This means that consumers could save money since they will need not to buy new batteries frequently, which is important to consumers in deciding which technological products to choose. Moreover, Apple is also concerned with the energy efficiency. Every single Apple product not only meets but exceeds the United States Environmental Protection Agency’s strict ENERGY STAR guidelines for efficiency. Apple is the only company in the industry that can make this claim. The experience about designing the software and hardware system gives Apple a convenience to achieve this mission. For instance, the power consumed by Mac mini is one-sixth of power consumed by a typical light bulb! Such design can satisfy the demand of consumers since it can reduce the expenditures of electricity and thus can reduce their living expenses. In long-term, it can help this company to increase sales of their products. Apple has also developed a smaller and lighter packaging which has the ability to protect the products as well. For example, the new version of MacBook is fifty-three percent smaller than the first generation of MacBook. This kind of efficient packaging design not only enables the company to reduce the raw materials needed in and waste brought from the production process, it also helps to reduce the emissions produced during product transportation since a vehicle can carry more products, thus, reducing the amount of boats and planes used in distribution. Obviously, the smaller packaging decreases the cost of production such as fees for warehouses used and materials used as well as make their product easily carried by consumers. Another example is the packaging for the iPhone. It is almost entirely recyclable and its retail box is made primarily from bio-based materials. In addition, its packaging is extremely material efficient, allowing more units to be transported in a single shipping container. The paper used in packaging of every unit of iPhone 4 were reduced from 136g to 120g compared with that of the iPhone 3GS. Apple iPhone packaging is now getting smaller and smaller with each and every generation which is more economical and environmental. On the other hand, Apple’s retail stores implemented a â€Å"no plastic bags† policy in order to cut back on unnecessary packaging a few years ago. Plastic bags are difficult and costly to recycle, they will break down into tiny particles that contaminate the soil and waterways and penetrate the food chain when animals ingest them. They clog up gutters and drains causing water and sewage to overflow and become the breeding grounds of germs and bacteria that cause diseases. Therefore, this policy taken by Apple can help to significantly reduce the pollutions caused by thrown away plastic bags, especially since the quantities of products sold by Apple are over millions. Apple uses the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) to calculate greenhouse gas emissions for each product. You read "Apple, a Socially Responsible Corporation" in category "Essay examples" The Natural Resources and Environmental Protection Act requires that manufacturers of new televisions, computer and printers must have established an electronic recycling program by April 2011. (Roger Mock, 2011) As one of the manufacturer of technology production, Apple offered Electronic Waste Takeback Program which was established as part of Michigan Law which refers to proper disposal of hazardous materials. Hazardous material can damage our health by increasing cancer risk, damaging our body system and even lead to death. The European Restriction of Hazardous Substances Directive restricts the use of lead, mercury, cadmium, hexavalent chromium, polybrominated biphenyls and polybrominated diphenyl ether, which Apple complies with. Apple also complies with the Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act of 2008 which pertains to the lead content of consumer products and the Registration, Evaluation, Authorization and Restriction of Chemicals Regulation CH (REACH) which pertains to chemicals and their safe use. In addition, Apple is on the European Chemicals Agency list for producing products that do not contain any substances of very high concern. Further, Apple, along with other top smart phone companies, signed an agreement on the standardization of mobile phone chargers which reduce the electronic waste and greenhouse gas emissions of such by the thousand tons (Apple Inc, 2012). To minimize the environment impact, Apple refers to precautionary principle to reduce and eliminate environmentally hazardous substances from their products. There are three important elements of this principle: preventative action, voluntary elimination and proactive search for safer substitutes (â€Å"Latest News about Environmental Protection Laws and Regulations,† 2010). They planned to completely eliminate the use of hazardous substances such as PVC and brominated flame retardants (BFRs) in its products by the end of 2008. They have worked with the manufacturing partners to eliminate BFRs and harmful toxins. Finally, all Apple products are now free of BFRs and PVC and Apple plans to eliminate all forms of chlorine and bromine. The effects of hazardous substances can be skin irritation, asthma, losing consciousness, cancer, infection from bacteria and other micro-organisms, and on occasion, death. So, it is necessary to eliminate these harmful substances. Apple carefully manages the environmental impact of its facilities, and as a result they represent only two percent of its assessed greenhouse gas emissions, which come from the production, transport, use, and recycling of products (Apple Inc, 2011). Apple now discloses full product lifestyle emissions and carbon footprint; it primarily reports on their facilities as a gauge of its environmental impact. For purpose to reduce the environmental impact, switching off the light and recycling office waste are not enough. There is the biggest impact of this company on the environment when using Apple’s products. That’s why Apple focuses on their product’s design and innovation. Apple has taken significant steps to lessen greenhouse gas emissions produced by its facilities worldwide (Apple Inc, 2011). Code of Ethics is a formal document that states an organization’s primary values and the ethical rules it expects managers and non-managerial employees to follow. The code of ethics for Apple is â€Å"Ethics: The Way We Do Business Worldwide, 2005. † It is applying all employees, including its top management. Apple’s stated policy includes expectations about maintaining high standards of business conduct, to be ethical in business dealings, to avoid conflicts of interest, to respect confidentiality, to conduct business within the law and to conduct business which benefits communities. Apple now requires suppliers to commit to their comprehensive Supplier Code of Conduct as condition of their contract with them since Apple is committed to ensuring that the highest standards of social responsibility throughout their supple base. Apple requires suppliers to provide a safe and healthy work environment, so suppliers must eliminate chemical hazards or minimize the use of some harmful materials according to the legal requirement (Apple Inc. 2012). In 2005, Apple started a recycling program. At that time, Apple decided to hold a free recycling program for its iPod digital music player. Their customers were able to bring the iPod to any of Apple’s (then) one hundred retail stores in the United States for free, environmentally friendly disposal. Besides that, those who brought their iPod in to recycle would receive ten percent discount on the purchase of a new iPod on that day. This program continued until 2010. In 2010, Apple announced the updated program which increased the products eligible to be recycled. Now, iPod, iPhone, iPad and Mac can be sent to Apple retail stores for recycling (Apple, 2012). They have two categories on the recycling program which are computer reuse and recycling as well as iPod and mobile phones recycling. For the computer reuse and recycling program, they undertake the community to solve the environmental problems, especially the pollutions which may be caused from Apple’s productions. People can bring their old Mac batteries or computers whether they are working or nonworking. If it can be reused, then they will be given an Apple gift card which can be used to purchase Apple’s products. Otherwise, they will recycle it responsibly at no cost to the customer. Apple also accepts the computers which are non-Apple-brand because Apple contracts with WeRecycle! to process recycling for those products. iPod and mobile phone recycling is a program that is similar to the two programs mentioned previously. However, if the person doesn’t live near any Apple retail store, he or she can simply go online to the Apple website and complete the form and recycle the iPod or mobile phone via mail (Apple 2012). Finally, Apple has become a socially responsible corporation with the implementation of a commuter alternative program which has more than ten thousand employee participants. At Apple headquarters in Cupertino, California, the company pays one hundred dollars per month of employees’ bus, train, light rail, vanpool, and other transit costs through its Apple Commuter Alternatives Program. They have more than eleven hundred Apple employees that ride their free biodiesel commuter coaches daily. Apple also provides lockers, showers, and turn-up subsidies for their employees who cycle, walk or run to work. In addition, Apple maintains a database of the employee’s addresses and working schedules for those who are interested in ridesharing or carpooling. Further, Apple has offered free shuttle services for its employees as their workers transport between the Bay Area and Cupertino. Those shuttle buses provide seats with individual power connectors to run and charge notebooks while in transit as well as being equipped with Wi-Fi for internet connectivity. Apple estimates that these programs have eliminated the use of over a thousand single-occupant cars per day, thereby saving the environment of the pollution of over a thousand single-occupant cars per day. As you can see, Apple has put forth a lot of efforts in green management and being more socially responsible. According to Senior Vice President of Hardware Engineering, Bob Mansfield (2012), â€Å"Apple makes the most environmentally responsible products in our industry. † They achieve this through several perspectives: the product (e. g. multi-functional products), the employees (e. g. commuter alternatives programs) and the environment (e. g. reduce using material that will harm the environment). Apple is strict and has a high demand in environmental safe programs. That’s why they design them to use less material, ship with smaller packaging, be free of toxic substances, and be as energy efficient and recyclable as possible (â€Å"The Story Behind Apple’s Environmental Footprint,† 2012). Further, Apple not only meets government requirements, but they exceed them and still continue to improve their products to continually reduce the harm to the environment. Perhaps other companies should consider using Apple as a role model and together try to save the environment. After all, it is the only one we have. References 1. Unknown. (n. d. ). Company History: 1976-1981. In undefined. Retrieved November 18, 2012, from http://www. apple-history. com/h1. 2. Mansfield, Bob. (July 13, 2012). A Letter From Bob Mansfield. In Apple and the Environment. Retrieved November 18, 2012, from http://www. apple. com/environment/letter-to-customers/. 3. Unknown. (2012). The Story Behind Apple’s Environmental Footprint. In Apple and the Environment. Retrieved November 18, 2012, from http://www. apple. com/environment/. 4. Apple Inc. (January, 2012). Apple Supplier Code of Conduct. In undefined. Retrieved November 18, 2012, from http://images. apple. com/supplierresponsibility/pdf/Apple_Supplier_Code_of_Con How to cite Apple, a Socially Responsible Corporation, Essay examples

Book on a head Essay Example For Students

Book on a head Essay The first contest was carrying a book on a head. We did this by walking with books balanced on our heads and looking as if we were concentrating very hard. Eventually one child (LeRhonda) lost. Then we played hopscotch using a piece of paper to represent the rock. Then we threw it and mimicked hopscotch LeRhonda won this one and I became very unhappy then she was trying to fight and I kept saying no because my mummy said I couldnt. I dont think this or the first one were very good improvisations because LeRhonda and I dont seem to work well together. The third picture I did was a picture of two children peering round a door. I did this improvisation with Matthew and Ashley. We made it like two children were peering into a room where there was ghost. Jelani and I used looks of fear to portray how we felt. Ashley swished around in a ghost like manner. I think this improvisation worked well because we used good facial expressions and body language to show how we felt. Some of the other improvisations, which were good, were Fajr and Mark they had a picture of two children sitting together. They did this very well as they used baby talk. It was a very good piece to watch. Erica, Stefanie and Reuben performed another good one. They had a picture of a boy holding a frog. The girls did a very good impression of being grossed out by it whilst Reuben was fascinated by it. The girls acted grossed out by screwing up their faces saying phrases such as ewww and looking at the frog in disgust. Reuben acted fascinated by it by looking at in with his eyes open and smiling and touching it. The next stimuli we used was music. I particularly enjoyed this one because it was fun and it gave us more freedom to express ourselves. The first piece we were given was Dance of the Knights. This was a very free piece of classical music. In my group was: Ashley, Matthew, Jelani, Erica and Sacha. For this piece we acted out a scene at a Royal ball. Four of us danced around, then the Queen and the Princess came in (Erica and Sacha). When they entered we all stopped dancing and bowed or curtseyed. Then they took their seats Erica clapped her hands and we continued dancing. Whenever we danced past them we curtseyed, This improvisation worked well as we all had very sombre facial expressions and didnt corpse. I very much enjoyed this piece. The second piece of music we were given was Tarzan, this was a very sad piece and we all took on the mood. The piece we did was about a friend who was leaving on a train, we all pretended to cry and be sad. Then she sad good-bye to her current boyfriend and her jealous ex boyfriend came and killed the boyfriend. After this we cut to the funeral where we all pretended to throw dirt on his grave and cry. This improvisation worked well as when the dramatic part in the piece came the killing took place. We used chairs to represent the train the girl was getting on. Also we used slow motion for the killings to make them more dramatic. All of the improvisations for this piece were good and a few left the rooms crying because the pieces had so much feeling. The third piece we were given was Memory from Cats. For his piece we didnt use the music to act with, but used it to get the right feeling, For this piece I was working with Matthew and Ashley. We did an old woman remembering the days when she was in love. Then she remembered when her love was called up for the war and died. I was the old person and I had a sort of daze expression as if remembering what had happened. Ashley and Matthew were good, as they acted very happy. We did this by having the old woman remember something out loud then Ashley and Matthew would be in a freeze and do a short scene about the memory and end in a freeze. I enjoyed this piece because it was fun to do and turned out well. .u291738bc749f8661706835e0384a00e6 , .u291738bc749f8661706835e0384a00e6 .postImageUrl , .u291738bc749f8661706835e0384a00e6 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u291738bc749f8661706835e0384a00e6 , .u291738bc749f8661706835e0384a00e6:hover , .u291738bc749f8661706835e0384a00e6:visited , .u291738bc749f8661706835e0384a00e6:active { border:0!important; } .u291738bc749f8661706835e0384a00e6 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u291738bc749f8661706835e0384a00e6 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u291738bc749f8661706835e0384a00e6:active , .u291738bc749f8661706835e0384a00e6:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u291738bc749f8661706835e0384a00e6 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u291738bc749f8661706835e0384a00e6 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u291738bc749f8661706835e0384a00e6 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u291738bc749f8661706835e0384a00e6 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u291738bc749f8661706835e0384a00e6:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u291738bc749f8661706835e0384a00e6 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u291738bc749f8661706835e0384a00e6 .u291738bc749f8661706835e0384a00e6-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u291738bc749f8661706835e0384a00e6:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Thea Astley's It's Raining in Mango 1987 is a story of Australian history told through five generations of the Laffey family EssayThe fourth piece we were given was a piece called Up the Junction by Squeeze. It was about a man that gets a woman pregnant, they marry and live in a grotty apartment then she leaves him for a soldier. The first scene we had to do was between the woman and her friend. I was working with Reuben for this improvisation. Reuben did a great impression of a woman and I was having trouble not laughing. This piece worked well as it was fun to do and it must have been enjoyable to watch. The second scene we did was a confrontation ten years later between the daughter and her father. We did this well by having the father trying to make conversation and the daughter was just giving one-word answers such as:  Father: So hows your mother   Daughter : Fat  Also I (daughter) just looked around then room not looking him in the eye and being very blas about the whole thing. I enjoyed this piece as it turned out well. It came together well as Reuben and I seemed to work together well.