Ethical Issues Essay

Researchers found that 10 percent of employees at all levels report feeling pressured to compromise ethical standards in the workplace (Managing Business Ethics by Trevino and Nelson 2007). Ethical issues are faced by every industry in the business world as well as communities, public and private organizations and individuals. Leadership, internal practices, and training may impact the proper implementation of business ethics. Halliburton is one of the many large corporations involved in unethical business practices. This paper examines ethical issues faced by public sector employees and employees of private sector firms that conduct business with and for government agencies. The paper discusses Halliburton, a U. S. defense contractor (former vice president Dick Cheney’s old firm), ethical issues and the impact on stakeholders involved. The goal is to highlight the ethical issues and make recommendations for how prospective employees and managers can handle similar situations. Background Since 2001, energy services company Halliburton and its former subsidiary Kellogg Brown & Root (KBR) have performed unspecified services to the United States military in Iraq, Kuwait, and several other countries under a no-bid, long-term global logistics contract, (LOGCAP). In February 2003, Halliburton received a five-year extension, $7 billion no-bid contract for services in Iraq. During the course of awarding and executing these contracts at least two people made the decision to become whistle blowers, a government employee, and a Halliburton/KBR procurement employee. The government employee disclosed that Halliburton/KBR was involved in closed-door meetings with the Army Corps of Engineers that resulted in the no-bid, multi-year, billion dollar contract awarded exclusively to Halliburton/KBR (Morning Edition October 29, 2004). The procurement employee disclosed the specific activities within Halliburton/KBR that resulted in overcharging the government and taxpayers for goods and services while simultaneously eliminating competition among potential vendors. Some allegations include soliciting higher priced products and services because the government pays a fee based on the total of goods/services procured and manipulating purchases orders to maintain a maximum of $2,500 to avoid the bidding process between prospective vendors. Specifically, Halliburton’s subsidiary Kellogg, Brown & Root hired a Kuwaiti company, Altanmia, to supply fuel at about twice the going rate, then added a markup, for an overcharge of at least $61 million, according to a December 2003 Pentagon audit. The only problem is that $61 million is taxpayer money. Perception of Unethical Practices of Dick Cheney From the beginning many American citizens raised an eyebrow towards the decision to have Halliburton as a U. S defense contractor. This public outrage stemmed from the former vice president’s former employment as the chief executive officer (CEO) of Halliburton from 1995 through August 2000. KBR, the company’s former subsidiary has been the main government contractor working to restore Iraq’s oil industry that was awarded without competitive bidding in 2001. According to Cheney’s 2001 financial disclosure report, the vice president’s Halliburton benefits included three batches of stock options comprising 433,333 shares. He also has a 401(k) retirement account valued at between $1,001 and $15,000 dollars. His deferred compensation account was valued at between $500,000 and $1 million, and generated income of $50,000 to $100,000. Halliburton has contracts worth more than $1. 7 billion for its work in Iraq, and it could make hundreds of millions more from a no-bid contract. During Cheney’s tenure as the defense secretary, the Pentagon chose Halliburton’s subsidiary KBR to study the cost effectiveness of outsourcing some military operations to private contractors. Based on the results of the study, the Pentagon hired KBR to implement an outsourcing plan (Washington Post Sep 26, 2003). Many companies like Bechtel, Exxon, Blackwater and Halliburton have profited from the Iraq war. It is no secret that war creates wealth for those companies canny enough to exploit it, and not be killed by it. Is Dick Cheney one of these? After his departure from office former vice president Cheney will be free to profit in whatever way he feels. The ethical question is, however, has he ever really left it? And by not leaving it, was he in ethical violation of his oath of office, at the very least? Stakeholders The stakeholders in this situation are the client, which is the U. S. government and American taxpayers who are the investors or funders of the government; the vendors, who through the bidding process maintain a competitive and profitable business environment; and employees who make sure that their employers receive the best value for the services and products they procure. Ethical dilemmas The first ethical dilemmas is if employees should bring wrongdoing to the surface and if so, how? Will the decision violate the privacy of vendors or other employees? Is it legal to disclose certain activities related to defense contracts? Secondary ethical issues relate directly to the stakeholders. Is the U. S. government unfairly awarding contracts? Is that awarding process facilitating a culture of overcharging, which is absorbed by U. S. taxpayers? Are vendors intentionally overcharging Halliburton/KBR? Are Halliburton/KBR’s procurement practices eliminating competition in the marketplace? Analysis The primary issue in this situation is whistle blowing. â€Å"Whistle blowing means calling attention to wrongdoing that is occurring within an organization. †(Nadler and Schulman 2006) Halliburton is still under investigation by the FBI. Perhaps the negative publicity and the case caused the contract to be divided with Halliburton winning one of the parts in a public bid. The underlying secondary issues include exposing potentially fraudulent business activities, financial irresponsibility, and illegally profiting from public funding. The government employee wrote and spoke to superiors about the activities. The government employee sought legal counsel upon deciding to go public with their disclosure. Finally, both made their testimonies to the proper investigating bodies including the FBI, the U. S. House of Representatives Committees on Government Reform and Energy and Commerce. For their troubles, the government employee and Halliburton/KBR procurement employee were forced into a whistle-blowers protection program. Conclusion In the public sector, whistle blowers are often faced with the dilemma that their choice to disclose can constitute a criminal act. In both cases these employees called attention to suspected activities within their organizations before going outside or public. Employees faced with this dilemma must identify the stakeholders and ethical issues that concern them, and then make calculated decision whether or not to disclose. The facts surrounding whether or not the U. S. government are unfairly awarding contracts will be an ongoing issue. Despite all the measures set forth to regulate the procurement of contracts, greed for money will play a critical factor for the people that have weak ethical character. Whether you are the employee or employer being the standard bearer in ethical situations will earn the respect of others as well as keeping you out of big trouble. References Analysis: FBI investigates whether Pentagon officials committed fraud in their handling of a no-bid contract to a subsidiary of Halliburton before the Iraq War. (10:00-11:00 AM)(Broadcast transcript). (Oct 29, 2004). Morning Edition, p. NA. Retrieved February 08, 2009, from General OneFile via Gale. Donahue, J. (Nov-Dec 2005). Treading on the taxpayer. Multinational Monitor, 26, 11-12.p. 7(2). Retrieved February 08, 2009, from General OneFile via Gale. Nadler, J. & Schulman, M. Whistle Blowing in the Public Sector. Santa Clara University Markkula Center for Applied Ethics. Retrieved February 9, 2008, from http://www. scu. edu/ethics/practicing/f ocusareas/government_ethics/introductio n/whistleblowing. html. Profile: US Army will allow bidding for contract work in Iraq initially given to Halliburton. (10:00-11:00 AM)(Broadcast transcript). (Sept 8, 2004). Morning Edition, p. NA. Retrieved February 08, 2009, from General OneFile via Gale.

Instead of continuously making Essay

As a Health Educator working for an international health organization, I would conduct a need assessment process that aims to determine the problems related to how the trash is managed in the community. I would do so by visiting the factories of different industries ranging from pharmaceuticals to FMCGs, where I would analyze how the waste material is dumped or discarded by them. Secondly, I would conduct surveys through questionnaires and informal interviews with people of households and shopkeepers that would focus on how they discard the waste, why do they do so, how often, and what do they lack in effectively disposing of the waste. After gathering enough information about this, I would ascertain the problems or unwanted outcomes that are created by improperly discarding the waste materials. For example, who are affected the most, what affects them precisely, and the extent to which they are affected negatively by improper trash management. As far as the paper products are concerned, we sloppily use them and do not utilize them to their fullest. For instance, a note book or a writing pad often goes into the trash bin with lots of unused pages. Instead of continuously making new paper products such as, copies or tissue papers, we can recycle them and save a great amount of time and cost. Other technological devices and instruments are no exception, and can also be recycled and refurbished which results in saving time, costs, and energy – both by the producers and consumers. Now let’s talk about the ways and procedures that are used to recycle the products. The resources are very much available within the community; nevertheless, if someone is lacking then we would provide them the resources to cope with the problem. One way of doing so is Curbside recycling, which is the process where the residents or subscribers are provided with trash cans and are asked to confirm their recyclables, sort them out separately, put them in the bin outside their home, and keep them clean. The recyclers would come, pick the trash or materials and take them away. Recycling drop-off centre is another technique where people can drop-off the used products or materials that are listed or guided to them to a certain location, point, or centre from where the material is taken away for recycling. Yard waste recycling encourages people to bring and deposit their yard debris or green waste to the centers for the purpose of minimizing the load on landfills and providing recycled fertilizers for the use in public parks and other areas. People can find out waste or debris and can deposit or pile it up in their backyard (Selvon, 2008). And finally, ECO-CELL is another way of recycling the technological devices or instruments such as, cell phones, computers, and printers. Answer – 2 I would involve the community in the needs assessment process by creating a buzz among them about the alarming situation of waste management and its hazardous impacts over the community. I would initiate campaigns that would be designed and carried out against the improper trashing and polluting the environment; moreover, those campaigns would create awareness among the people about how they are affected, what is the better way of trashing, and how they can be benefitted from that. People would be asked to search and tell us about the problems they and other people face in the community, and what has worsened than before. Several gifts and prize money would be given as an incentive to the people to come and participate in the need assessment program and overcome the issue of improper trash management. References Selvon. M. (2008). Recycling Yard Waste is a Great Composting Solution. Retrieved on July 28, 2010. From http://ezinearticles. com/? Recycling-Yard-Waste-is-a-Great-Composting-Solution&id=1150298

Mother and Parent

Daniel Pelayo Professor Nathifa Tomb English 1B 6 March 2013 The Ideal Parent: Brightening a Childs Future Parenting is a big part of every ones lives; it makes up who you are as a person and in many cases projects who you will be in the future. Some adults have trouble manipulating their children and teaching them what is right from wrong, while others have a much easier time doing so. In my opinion there is no such thing as â€Å"the perfect parent†, both the mother and the father have their flaws, but what matters is that the parent is always there for personal support.To me a good parent is someone who is always there to support there children in both good and bad terms, and a responsible adult that can supply for their kids necessities, not necessarily all the luxuries that they want. Another key point to being a good parent is to be a good leader, all kids look up to their parents and most of the time follow their parents footsteps and part of being a good leader is bein g a hard worker. A parent that is supportive, responsible, and a leader and hard worker all make up to be a great parent in my opinion.In the stories Scar by Amy Tan, My Fathers Hands by Daisy Hernandez, and the poems Those Winter Sundays by Robert Hayden, No Longer a Teenager by Gerald Locklin all tie up to the universal theme of good parenting. Even though some characters in the story struggle to be the perfect parent they desire to be, some are successful in doing so while others just cannot do their duty. Having support from a parent is a corner stone in a kids life growing up, without the support of their closest relative life can be a struggle growing up. In the poem No Longer a Teenager, Gerald Locklin narrates, literature and opera are full of characters who die for love: i stay alive for her. † (35-37) The father implies that unconditionally of the situation he will always be there to support and give love to his daughter. In this poem love and support is a big theme, showing the strong bond between the father and the daughter still after her teenage years gives a great amount of respect to the father. Supporting children from a very young age can definitely shape up the future of a young kid. On the other hand in the story Scar by Amy Tan, â€Å"I felt unlucky that she was my mother and unlucky that she had left us.These were the thoughts I had while hiding in the corner of my room where my father could not watch me† (292). An-mei the main character had no support from her mother growing up as she abandoned her own family and kids. The author Tan states this in a way that the child almost feels lonely, dull, and unhappy, which can be the outcome of no parental support. The different mindsets of the parents are well established, one parent has been there to support their kid since birth while the other one was there for a couple of years and then abandoned her child.This plays a big role in these kids mind because not having the support t hey need can be the difference between love and shame in a parent-child relationship. Next, responsibility is one thing most parents try to educate their kids about as they are growing up. Having a responsible parent can be the difference between having a good, comfortable childhood, and having a rough, complicated life growing up. In the poem â€Å"Those Winter Sundays† by Robert Hayden â€Å"Speaking indifferently to him. who had driven out the cold and polished my good shoes as well† (10-13) shows a great level of responsibility from the dad.Getting up early to do all the necessary for the child to have a nice easy morning makes his kid life much easier and happier. Taking responsibilities for their kids and their own personal lives can benefit both the parent and child in the long run. On the contrary in the story â€Å"My fathers Hands† by Daisy Hernandez, the child in the story has more of a complicated and rough childhood. â€Å"I’d get home and c hange from my catholic uniform to my McD’s one. If I worked enough hours, I made as much as my mother did at the factory†(412) states Hernandez. This quote illustrates the more complicated version of a very young teenage girl.The father is un-employed and the mother is making the same amount as her teenage daughter. This shows a lack of responsibility coming from both parents because at this age the parents should be concerned about the daughter going to school and both parents should have a job accounted for. The irresponsibility’s of the parents can affect a child from a young age, not only does it complicates the life of the kid, but the parents do a poor job of teaching a child the values of being responsible. One parent shows responsibilities for their kids while the other parent shows no remorse for her daughter.Finally, being a leader and a hard worker not only in your children’s lives but also in society is what makes a huge difference between a gr eat parent and a mediocre parent. Showing a child the values of leadership and hard work can make a kids future that much better. A parent that holds these two characteristics and is able to put them to use in society will not only be a great example for their kids, but a superb example of a great parent. In the poem â€Å"Those Winter Sundays†, Hayden illustrates the hard work and leadership this father puts in for the family to have a nice comfortable living. Sundays too my father got up early and put his clothes on in the blueblack cold, then with cracked hands that ached from labor in the weekday weather made banked fires blaze. No one ever thanked him. † (1-5) This stanza shows the fathers hard work, he worries about the family and the kid and wants noting but the best for them. Hayden states that the father works and serves the family seven days a week, making him a superb father figure and even though the family members do not appreciate everything he does for th e family he is doing a good deed.Unlike the mother in â€Å"Scar† by Tan she was never much of a leader to her daughter or son. â€Å"Who is this ghost?†¦.. If you take your daughter, she will become like you. No face. Never able to lift up her head†(294). This line emphasizes the fact that the mother was never there as a parental figure, in a way she is a disgrace to her daughter because she never taught her the meanings of life and was never there to support her daughter and be a leader for her daughter.Tan states under the surface that it is better for her to leave her daughter behind because she did not race her and they both have different moral beliefs. She cannot be a leader to her daughter and from a child’s point of view not having a leader to follow and grow up with can make a child dread of unhappiness. One parent does the right thing to serve their family and be a leader and a hard working parent to teach their kids about life, while the other p arent was never really there to even talk to the child.In conclusion, having a parental figure guide a child through life by showing them key characteristics and the essence of life will benefit the child much more. The characteristics that a great parent should have is to support the children at all times, be a responsible adult, and be a leader and demonstrate hard workmanship so the kid can follow ones foot steps and continue thriving through life. No parent is perfect but most parents have what it takes to be a successful parental icon in their child’s life. What characteristics do you think a good parent carries?Works Cited Badillo, Jose, and Mrs. Fay Lee. â€Å"Scar. † : By Amy Tan. 1302 Composition and Rhetoric II, 24 Sept. 2009. Web. 06 Mar. 2013. Gerald Locklin. â€Å"The Writer's Almanac with Garrison Keillor. † No Longer A Teenager by Gerald Locklin. The Writers Almanac, 18 July 2002. Web. 06 Mar. 2013. Hayden, Robert. â€Å"Those Winter Sundays. â⠂¬  – Poets. org. Academy Of American Poets, 23 May 1966. Web. 06 Mar. 2013. Hernandez, Daisy. â€Å"My Father's Hands A « Daisy Hernandez. † Daisy Hernandez. Daisy Hernandez, 13 July 2005. Web. 06 Mar. 2013.

Business Model Comparison Essay

The transportation and logistics industry is a six hundred and seventy billion dollar a year industry according to SJ Consulting Group. A logistics company helps transport people, cargo, and merchandise, by land, or sea. It consists of many channels of transportation, which include freight trains, cargo ships, and planes. Logistics and transportation companies are an important part of everyday business and life. The need of exports and imports on an international scale can only happen through a transportation company. If a family decides to move cross-country or over seas, it is planned through a transportations company. What has made the difference in most popular logistics companies is the difference in their business models and what logistic purpose they are here to meet. Locally we have two carriers that are an everyday household name; lets understand the difference if any in there set up, and business matrix. When people think of transportation delivery services there are two na mes that come to mind and that is UPS and FedEx. These two brands are leaders and competitors in the transportation industry and have built a sustainable competitive advantage. When looking at these companies they seem to operate in the same manner, but there are differences that separate them in business. Business Model Forms Business model for FedEx is something that has shown to have controversy within the industry. FedEx currently uses the contractor base business model. This is where each employee is basically a contractor for FedEx. FedEx is largely credited with having pioneered the â€Å"independent contractor† work model in the logistics industry. Under this system, workers function as self-employed drivers with their own routes, covering the costs of their own trucks, gasoline, uniforms and so forth. While corporations claim the contractor system gives drivers flexibility and strong incentives as â€Å"small businesses,† critics say it’s simply a way to shift the costs of employment onto workers and avoid payroll taxes and workers’-compensation costs. (  Reagan Appointee ‘Unravels FedEx’s Business Model’ In Court Ruling) United Parcel Service (UPS) has been in business for 66 years longer than FedEx. Its longevity gives the company seniority in delivery services over FedEx. When looking at UPS you can see their ability to partner with businesses throughout the years across the globe being their key source in transporting their products. â€Å"For a global book wholesaler, green business is good business. When the company wanted to reduce the amount of paper it used in its supply chain, it turned to long-time provider UPS to find the answer. UPS developed the world’s first paperless solution for generating international shipping documentation digitally, which not only helped the company meet its environmental goals but also improved the wholesaler’s order accuracy while saving time and money (â€Å"There Is Huge Competitive Advantage in Logistics†, 2010). † Staying innovative is UPS’ competitive advantage. FedEx is a business that operates with over 300,000 employees and has managed to grow this big in less than half a century. With its recent approach towards bettering the environment with using eco-friendly products throughout the company FedEx is showing a care for the world as a competitive advantage. They are using equipment that produces less pollution along with staff that strategically planned shorter routes to minimize equipment use. The products used to ship products, such as boxes; envelopes and FedEx office store supplies are recycled and reused. Advantages and Disadvantages Two companies like Fed Ex and UPS are the biggest type of ownership in business. They are both publicly traded companies and have a huge part on the stock market. Let’s take a look at some advantages and disadvantages of this type of ownership. Going public is an expensive, time-consuming process. A corporation must put its affairs in order and prepare reports and disclosures that comply with U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission regulations concerning initial public offerings. Taking your company public increases the potential liability of the company and its officers and directors for mismanagement. By law, a public corporation has an obligation  to its shareholders to maximize shareholder profits and disclose operational information. The capital of a public company is generally raised from the public. People belonging to all walks of life throughout the country can buy shares, which are priced at low levels. The liability of members of a public company is limited. They have to face limited risk. The shares of a public company are freely transferable. This makes investment in the shares liquid and an investor is not bound to remain with the company. There is unlimited scope for growth and expansion of business. New shares can be used to raise additional capital. Experts can be employed to manage the increasing business activities. Conclusion Longevity and innovation is definitely the name of the game in any type of business model. Both FedEx and UPS have met their match in the logistics industry. FedEx gives a more liberal way of business by giving the drivers a small business set up, and UPS is looking to stay a few steps ahead of the game with trends like being environmental friendly, saving natural resources, cutting costs, and using technology to make logistics run more efficiently. Combined parcel carriers like FedEx and UPS are growing vigorously because of solid matrix models and the need of their existence. It is imperative in the scope of businesses that its components are solid, smooth sailing, and always one step ahead of the game. References A Better Future. (1995-2012). Retrieved from http://earthsmart.van.fedex.com/ This is a hanging indent. To keep the Reagan Appointee ‘Unravels FedEx’s Business Model’ In Court Ruling) There is Huge Competitive Advantage in Logistics. (2010). Retrieved from http://www.ogilvy.com/News/Press-Releases/September-2010-New-UPS-Campaign.aspx U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission: Going Public http://www.preservearticles.com/2012022823825/what-are-the-advantages-of-a-public-company.html

Globalising a new enterprice Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Globalising a new enterprice - Essay Example This paper would therefore address the issue from a heterogeneous point of intervention. This means that not only would the strategies needed for making the company go global be looked at but then interventions and models for rescuing the company from further decline in profit will also be reviewed. Of course when the company gains a good capital resource stand, employee retention would no longer become a problem for it. Global Business Expansion Procedure For the global business expansion to take place, there are a number of procedures to follow. First of these is what the International Expansion Organization (2010) describe as development strategy. As much as authors begin their publications with manuscripts and constructors complete their facilities with architectural plans, it is important that any company seeking to go global have well researched and expert driven strategies in place. Specifically, the International Expansion Organization admonishes businesses â€Å"to identify international expansion as a business development strategy to be based on sound business research.† This means that preparation of strategic plan to lead the company into the start of its global venture should be based on detailed research. Through this research, which is referred to in some quarters as feasibility studies, the company should be in a position to decide on a number of issues including the following: 1. Project Scope: the scope should define the areas of the company that will be affected by the expansion project and should include participants as well as end users who will be affected by the global expansion. 2. Current Analysis: This analysis should explain the current mode of expansion implementation. That is, there should be a roadmap on the implementation process. 3. Requirements: The feasibility study must state all resources that will be required to undertake the expansion. These requirements should include both financial and non-financial resources. 4. A pproach: The approach for takeoff and implementation should be clearly stated in the plan. Without such an approach, the project will be haphazard. 5. Evaluation: It should be stated clearly, how the company is going to evaluate its progress performance. The evaluation should not only be internalized but should employ the services of external peer reviewers. After all these processes are followed in the strategic plan, the company will be ready to make other moves. The second stage of the global expansion plan should be correction of internal management loopholes. This is to say that there should be management strategies that ensure that the basic crises of the company such as employee turnover and profit retardation are corrected. This stage is very much needed to make the image of the company lucrative to the international market when it finally moves. As ways of maximizing local profits, the following are suggested: 1. Internal Cost Reduction Strategy: Management should be bold o n taking decisions that will help in cutting down on internal cost spending in the company. For example in the allocation of funds in the company’s budget, sacrifices should be made to ensure that much capital is directed to profit generation sectors rather than human resource wellbeing programs. The challenge with this strategy will be that committed workers would not want to stay but there will be an eventual

Nursing - Use of Herbals Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Nursing - Use of Herbals - Research Paper Example Studies have also shown improvements in the control of quality and evaluation of these compounds. Considering that many herbal compounds do not undergo chemical processing, many people think that they are safe, and have no side effects even when taken beyond measure (Cassileth, Yeung, and Gubili & 2008). They also tend to use these compounds alongside prescribed medicines having the impression that they will improve treatment. Despite their proven values, herbals do not have the perceived safety, and neither do they all improve treatment when used alongside prescribed drugs. One of the emerging issues in modern times is that herbal compounds are not as safe as they are thought to be. In fact, they may be counterproductive when used by patients undergoing certain treatments and those on prescription medications. History of herbal medicine use The use of herbals has a long history dating back about ten thousand years. Some of the longest records of the use of herbal medicines include t hose found in Egypt, India and ancient China. Herbals also have a long history in other indigenous cultures including the Native American and African cultures. With the advent of chemical analysis in the 19th century, scientists started extracting and modifying active ingredients contained in plants and came up with pharmaceuticals. Even with the development of pharmaceuticals, natural remedies to human health still represent a significant portion of the US market, and other parts of the globe. In places like Germany, for example, the sales turnover of one herbal product called silymarin amounts to $180 million annually (Breevort, 1996). This herbal compound is used almost exclusively for treating liver problems. Almost a third of outpatients seeking medical care from liver clinics use this product according to Breevort (1996). Breevort (1996) also explains that marketing of herbals between 1992 and 1996 increased threefold. Studies also reveal that over the last two decades, there has been growth in the level of public dissatisfaction with the prices of prescription medications, coupled with a growing interest in organic or natural remedies in the United States. This essentially has led to an increase in herbal medicines use. How herbals work Unlike doctors practicing conventional medicine, herbalists try to find and deal with the underlying causes of a health problem instead of treating individual symptoms. This is done based on the belief that the use of herbal tonics and tinctures can help the body heal itself by restoring harmony and balance, and activating the life force of the body (Cassileth, Yeung, and Gubili & 2008). Just like naturopathic medicine, it aims at supporting the body’s natural ability to achieve optimal health, and facilitating the innate healing mechanisms of the body. The compounds used for conducting herbal treatments are extracted from roots, barks, berries, seeds, leaves, flowers and petals of plants, and are presented as com plex mixtures of many different compounds. Efficacy and safety of herbal products There are a number of scientific literatures that have documented the safety and efficacy of herbal products including their toxic effects. Many of these reports contradict the popular view asserting that herbals are natural compounds and, therefore, are harmless. A study conducted by the National Poison Information Service during the period 1991-1995 recorded 785Â  cases of confirmed or probable cases of adverse reactions to

Housing association governance puts the interests of the organisation Coursework

Housing association governance puts the interests of the organisation above those of residents. Discuss - Coursework Example hort a Housing Association is a society or company established for the purpose of providing; constructing; improving or managing; facilitating and encouraging the construction or improvement of housing accommodation. Housing associations are not governed by the state or the government. It is a privately functioning body that aims to provide people of all categories with the type of homes they need in their desirable location. The association consists of a board of members, senior officers who have knowledge about this sector, and some volunteers. The targeted groups for housing association can be older people, disabled people, young people, bachelors, couples, or any other type of people who are looking for homes to buy or for rent. The housing association is earning a great amount of money through this property dealing business as the housing has become expensive, especially in larger cities, which makes it difficult for people to find suitable homes for themselves. Good governance in the housing association is fundamental to establishing successful organisations. It enables them to deliver their aims and objectives and, in particular, deliver excellent quality services to tenants, ensure the proper use of public funding, and safeguard the reputation of the sector. The housing association governance operates according to the law and their constitutions; it is headed by an effective board with a sufficient range of expertise and executive arrangements that gives capable leadership and control. Housing association maintains the highest standards of integrity in all their dealings; it protects public investment and is responsive to residents’ views and priorities. Further the duties of housing association governance includes dealing with the Housing Corporation in an open and co-operative manner, notifying any anticipated or actual violation of the Code or anything that might significantly affect its ability to fulfil its obligations under the Code and de-track