Challenges of Teaching Students with Ebd Essay

Education is an important factor of life that is a foundation of intellectual development and intelligence that shapes the futures of all students. There are students with disorders and disabilities who display hardships and delays in education that require different approaches and special teaching strategies. Students with emotional and behavioral disorders are a group of students that require such modification or accommodation approaches. EBD student’s exhibit challenging behaviors, emotional instability, and are opposed to change. Therefore, once a student with EBD is place in the general classroom, the student might encounter challenges with learning and create problems and threats for the teacher as well as their peers. Teachers need to remember that students with EBD have the same rights as everyone else; the students with EBD need a specific teaching strategy and approach to assessments and instruction. Teachers need to establish a teacher student relationship to assist in the techniques and the learning process. There are a variety of intervention and prevention techniques that can be used to decrease the discrepancies and tension in the behavior and manner of the students in a general classroom setting. In order to apply the techniques effectively teachers have to understand the challenges students with EBD face. The creation of a special education team plays and important role of intervention and prevention for the student with EBD and is necessary to meet all the needs of the student. The special education team should consist of at least one regular educator, one special educator, a parent, and an administrator. Students with EBD are influenced on different levels of interaction socially and need this variety of member to be included on the team. The SPED team has a responsibility to develop a comprehensive academic program and to make certain there is mutual consistency in actions and support. The SPED team needs a general educator in the team because their role is vital to the prevention plan in the academic environment. Sometimes the teachers have students with EBD in their classrooms that haven’t been diagnosed and the symptoms will surface in a classroom setting. The regular teacher will deal with the issues first until they determine or diagnose the student. The regular teacher needs to have knowledge or possess the basics of treating EBD students. Teachers should teach them self control and self management techniques to be used on a regular basis in the classroom. If the techniques applied don’t work and the student gets worse than consideration should take place to include the student into a special education classroom. A special education teacher is necessary for the SPED team because their expertise deals with students of different disorders or disabilities such as students with EBD. Special education teachers can recommend some beneficial techniques that can be implemented in the general classroom setting or for parents at home. Special education teachers may figure out the problem at home which needs to be solved in order to provide helpful methods and then can facilitate intervention in the classroom setting. The team needs to have a good combination of people with intervention techniques for special education in the education school plan. This will reduce the risk of school factors for students with EBD. Parents that have students with EBD need to actively participate or be an active person of the SPED team for many different reasons. Parents acquire the most information about the heart of their child’s disorder. Next, parents should be included in any early intervention to assist in the students classroom placement decisions otherwise it has been determined that it could be destructive for the EBD student. It has been noted that family and parent problems tend to be the main cause of emotional and behavioral disorders. Therefore, SPED teams can help to get to the main problem thus special educators and the administration can unravel home problems. The school administrator is a vital member to the SPED team because they have useful information and knowledge about the school policy formation. Students with EBD often feel discriminated against because of the ambiguous and zero tolerance rules regarding behavior from the school. The zero tolerance rules for behavior in school can threaten the behavioral and emotional stability of students with EBD. The administration can educate the educators on the IDEA rules and regulations and handle relevant assessments and design and develop special education programming. There are some concerns that make it difficult for school administrators and special education educators and can be very complicated because they want to make sure they meet the needs of students with EBD. One of the concerns is the uncertainty and stigmas towards the definition of educational and behavioral disorders and the need of understanding what behavior is inappropriate, the inability to construct social relationships, and if the disability classification should be EBD. The behavior if inappropriate doesn’t fit into any ethical norms, cultural, and religious society during a given time. Student’s with EBD displays a variety of disorder types and inner emotional and behavioral disorders behaviors appear sometimes in a manner of violence or suicide. The characteristics and symptoms of students with EBD tend to change so it makes it difficult to provide a solid diagnosis of EBD. The challenges teachers face when teaching students with EBD require competency from the educators. Given that students with EBD have a deficit in language, social skills, intellectual abilities, and lower academic results it hard for teachers to find a happy medium in making sure the school pace is mainstreaming to meet their specific needs. Aggression has emerged because of the lack of appraisal or opportunities from teachers. Consequently, training, self control, and classroom management needs to be the practice fro students with EBD. â€Å"Teachers have to adjust to the specific needs of students and give them proper instructional interactions, actively interact with parents and get actively involved in the collection of data on EBD students’ progress, developing special education programs and interpret EBD students’ results according to the assessment rules designed for them in order to provide these special needs students with adequate instruction and support† (Yell et al., 2009). The active participation and involvement of parents in the intervention and prevention programs will get rid of some risk factors and develop a home based and comprehensive school intervention plan. The participation of school educators and administration can assist in solving the main challenges dealing with exclusion of students with EBD from the zero tolerance mainstream school policy. EBD students symbolize are a small group of specialized needs. The behavior of EBD students are usually unexplainable and unpredictable, which makes it challenging when dealing with the student and meeting their needs. Nevertheless, if there is a closer look into the causes and roots of EBD and work done on the classification, most likely can be a problem solver. As it comes from the arrangement of the SPED team if they are conflicting then it will be difficult to develop an effective intervention and prevention program. This makes it imperative to accept a universal strategy in meeting the academic challenges for students with EBD. References Yell, M. L, Meadows, N. B., Drasgow, E., & Shriner, J. G. (2009). Evidence-based practices for educating students with emotional and behavioral disorders. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Merrill/Pearson. ISBN-13: 978-0130968234

The possible ways of reducing global differences in wealth

The biggest drop in percent of population living on $1 or less occurs in East Asia and Pacific, this followed suit with the globalisation of the world, with TNCs spreading across continents. East Asia, china and India have seen the biggest influx of foreign direct aid and seen a massive expansion in their secondary sector. This has brought a surge of higher paying jobs and improved the livelihood of many. The global implications of this have created a different economic climate with increasing power shifting from America to Asia. The standard rich and poor divide is becoming increasingly blurry with many eastern Asian countries moulding the global future. The implications could be dangerous, though economically China is inspiring, socially and environmentally the country is still in the dark ages and with power shifting are say on human rights and environmental damage is becoming slowly quieter. Sub-Saharan Africa has shown little change in the percentage of population living on $1 or less. This contradicts the fact that aid has increased dramatically since 1981, showing that aid has little effect on long term success of a country. The poor inhabitants of Africa has allowed many multinational companies to take advantage of the low paying subsistence farming and have managed to shift control from them to the to TNCs. Cash cropping has become a common place in Africa, with a high dependency on the technology and capabilities of the MEDC companies. Eastern Europe and Central Asia have seen an increase in the percent ever since the 1990s, the breakdown of communism and caused a vacuum of development as Europe must spread into the global era. Being slow to take up globalisation the countries of Eastern Europe have seen an increase in poverty as the countries in East Asia and South Asia attract the sights of TNCs. b) With reference to specific examples evaluate the possible ways of reducing global differences in wealth. With connections between the rich and the poor becoming increasingly stronger in the global era, it is becoming increasingly harder to ignore our personal effects on the less fortunate. Ties created in a different social era have suppressed the development of the less economically developed countries. We have a responsibility to assess our impacts and create a suitable response if we are ever to progress to a world were boundaries no longer exist. The globalisation of the North and South divide has not allowed countries to exploit their potential but instead allowed the power countries to strengthen their hold over the poorer countries. Can we continue to chuck aid aimlessly at countries, increasing their dependence or must our strategies incorporate the social and environmental differences for their true independence? During the 1900s, many less economically developed countries took advantage of the economic stable environment that allowed small interest rates on loans. Seeing an easy solution to quick development, LEDCs blindly took many loans to fund their own economic and social environments, but the year of 1982 brought a sudden increase of world interest rates. The oil crises placed many poor countries into a spiral of unimaginable debt with the only solution being to take out more loans, only creating a short period of stability. So is the solution simply to cancel all debt the â€Å"forgive and forget† idea or will it create more problems than it is worth? Most poor countries own billions of pounds of debt, governments of these countries are forced to increase tax, sell of assets (land and resources cheaply) and are easily influenced by the powerful countries. Tourism is one of the biggest industries in the world, and with a set of wealthy countries with wealthy inhabitants wanting to see the warm and different sections of the world; it poses a great asset that many LEDCs can exploit. The individual and unique locations that many LEDCs own means that tourism could offer a possible solution to the wealthy divide. But a hidden danger lies in this so called silver bullet. Many LEDCs see the opportunity of tourism, but the exploitation of this has placed most of the inhabitants of the hot country feeling subjugated. Vietnam is a classical example of a naturally beautiful country with high amounts of debt, its unique social lifestyle and unspoiled countryside has attracted many people. Unfortunately the government has placed too much emphasis on tourism and society has felt the re-precautions. With wealthy westerners and their bulging wallets, the Vietnamese government has done what it can to part the people with their money. This includes selling land in rural areas used as farming for subsistence farmers to build hotels and tourist attractions. Forcing people out of their villages to create a fake village aimed solely at selling souvenirs and creating money thus creating social hostility as age old traditions are placed on hold for the welcoming of the westerners. In one case in a small village called Hanoi, a small battle took place as builders fought with the locals for a section of land destined for a supermarket. Even though tourism is a possible source of money and if tapped properly can benefit Vietnam, the reality is often less fair. Most money made by tourism is often injected back into tourism, many used for infrastructure and amenities is designed for westerners. Supermarkets and hotels are unlikely to benefit the locals with most jobs not going to local population, even if tourism has a positive effect on the locals, they are often highly dependent on the tourists seasons and good weather. Many resorts in Vietnam are owned and controlled by TNCs, removing the major economic benefits to their base countries often in the MEDCs. Tourism is a powerful industry but as seen in Vietnam can often just be an extension of the western world, the original purpose of advancing the country through careful exploitation of their country can often create hostility or great dependence on the wealth of the MEDCs. If the countries are ever going to develop they can't solely base their economic status on the money of the powerful ones. Aid is seen by many people and governments as simply helping the poor, but the fact is giving aid is more complex than is expected. Aid is identified as the transfer of resources encouraging economic growth in developing countries, but simply saying we are giving money to LEDCs doesn't make it aid. Foreign aid is aid given by more economically developed countries and must fit the criteria of not giving commercial benefits for the donor country, but most aid has strings attached. For example the British government has funded many projects in LEDCs including Malaysia's Pergau hydro-electric dam scheme. i234 million pounds was given as conditional aid to Malaysia but soon came out that in conjunction Malaysia was signed to numerous million pounds defence contracts. Short term aid and charitable organisations should also ways be welcome. Emergency aid is essential for any country both MEDC and LEDC and charitable organisations is specialised aid that is appropriate for many countries while pumping aid into infrastructure that is widely inappropriate for the peoples social and economic development will again only create another dependency. Fair trade is an old idea, but only in recent years has become more prominent as consumer demands change to recent awareness of poverty. It is a simple idea that doesn't require huge funds into countries and aims to level the playing field of the trading game. In Ethiopia, banana prices were at a 50 year low and with a continuous increase in banana production it was set to further decrease. Essentially producers were competing with other local producers unaware the rare deal they have. Ethiopia has a wealth of resources and the fractured banana industry has only allowed TNCs and countries to exploit the fragile industry, placing the producers with little power to negotiate. This is where fair trade bananas took hold. By joining numerous producers together offering increased profit and not reducing quality, they are given more power over the export business. Fair trade offers consumers a moral choice, though more expensive than supermarket brands it hasn't dampened the fair trade business. Fair trade works simply because it doesn't rely on funding; it relies on creating a sustainable and suitable environment for primary industry to flourish. MEDCs do rely heavily on LEDCs and their primary production, but simply bulling and controlling the world market has lead to an uninspiring industry. The key word is sustainable development of industry, unlike foreign aid which can fluctuate and sometimes doesn't directly go to the people who need it, fair trade is aimed at the most poverty stricken societies. The future of the world depends on the united front of all the countries, if we are ever going to be able to progress as a society we have a responsibility to breakdown the invisible walls that separate us. This can't be done by taking pity or forcing our help on to them we must create a global climate for them to grow and develop without being constricted by the politics and greediness of the power countries. The simple fact is most LEDCs have the capabilities and resources to remove themselves from poverty, and given the chance will be able to. Though our responsibility in their future should be little, we must object to political terrorism and dictators and even our dictatorial control. Most LEDCs should develop without the influences of the western world; they are individual countries that should exploit the needs of the western world. The less economically developed countries must stand on their own two feet, without the pillars of the MEDC telling them were to stand.

Business and Professional munication Management

Reflection report helps analyse and develop particular skills in relation to a particular course. Any transfer of learning or skills gained is identified by thorough analysis of personal skills and knowledge level. The course that I attended was well designed that attends to future careers of students. Hence, this reflection journal helps understand the particular skill levels gained during the course work. There are three relevant areas of knowledge gained during the course, MAT10706, Quantitative methods with economic, MKT00075, Marketing principles and 00207 munication in Organization. A critical assessing of knowledge gained against each areas have been ascertained. While undertaking coursework during graduation there are several attributes that I have gained. The analysis of each attribute against each course and levels of expertise makes difference in relevant areas  (Burda & Wyploss, 2013). I have gained tremendous intellectual rigor in field of Quantitative methods with economic. I have b e capable in analyzing various scholarly articles and developing a critical review for the same. While the field of this discipline is vast I have learned the attributes from a large number of self-help books that was available in the library. This field of knowledge has given me ethical practice guidelines which made me adopt high ethical standards in professional and social practice.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The discipline of Marketing principles have provided me with several creative attributes, that allowed me to effectively respond to intellectual, professional and social challenges  (Blythe, 2008). I feel I have b e proficient in this domain from my practices of multiple case studies and real life situational analysis. There has been high transfer of learning pertaining to the discipline as well which allowed a smooth transition which contributed to munal and professional areas. Communication in organization is a necessary domain that needs to be learnt by each and every individual undertaking this course. munication forms the basis for personal and professional success. This domain has the attributes of providing life-long learning opportunities that enables individual capabilities to change  (DeVito, 2007). It e passes a reflective process through information literacy, self-managed learning and being autonomous. I have conducted self-analysis for this domain which reflects that I am a novice in the field. munication allows interacting with individual, teams and professional through munity settings. Being employed in a professional field in any organization allows for capability to attend to diversified cultural settings. munication will enable me to interact with Indigenous as well as other people from a varied background. Though I have made attempts to learn and develop my skills pertaining to all disciplines within my course but critical analysis reveals certain gaps in knowledge. For Quantitative methods with economics I have developed capabilities but I needs to further resort to self-help books and journals for a guided learning experience  (Baye, 2006). All professors in this course provided various important and versatile theories. But I have not been able to develop my knowledge and skill for this area of expertise. For Marketing Principles I have been highly proficient in multiple numbers of ways. I feel I have developed professional attitude with respect to the domain of marketing with highly creative skills. I feel I can easily develop this area of knowledge further to b e an expert in the domain  (Armstrong, 2014). I need to take help from my professors and friends who have excelled in these disciplines to guide me for developing relevant concepts related to marketing strategies. I can easily prepare marketing plans and analyse cases but I face difficulty in catering to diversified field of developing marketing strategies. Which can be easily be developed by means of learning ways, methods and procedures that contemporary organization use.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Communication is the most relevant field of study in personal as well as professional life. In order to develop my novice to being a proficient person in munication, I plan to undertake a small course in munication for professionals  (DiSanza, 2016). I will regularly maintain a journal and note my areas of improvements by means of feedback from friends and colleagues. This will allow me to develop my skills in an organized manner. Self-reflection is a way and method that enables addressing of short falls in areas of knowledge, skills and expertise. Through analysis of my own self I was able to diagnose area of expertise in which I lag and need to improve. The steps of improvements will be applied over the next month such that I am able to emerge as a professional in an organization. Through maintain of personal journal in areas of expertise and levels of experience I will reach my goals of developing an expertise knowledge and emerge as a highly professional executive. Armstrong, G. A. (2014). Principles of marketing. Pearson Australia. Baye, M. a. (2006). Managerial economics and business strategy (Vol. 5). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill. Blythe, J. (2008). Essentials of marketing. . Pearson Education. Burda, & Wyploss. (2013). Macroeconomics. Glassgow, Gret Britain: Bell&BrainLtd. DeVito, J. A. (2007). Interpersonal munication Book. The, 13/E. New York, NY: Pearson International. DiSanza, J. R. (2016). Business and professional munication: Plans, processes, and performance. Pearson.

Organzational change, values, and leadership Research Paper

Organzational change, values, and leadership - Research Paper Example On the hand, leadership is a scenario in which one individual exercises influence over the roles and operations of other individuals with the aim of achieving a common goal (Northouse, 2009). A strong connection exists between organizational change, values, and leadership. Vision and leadership are essential for successful change while change should be considered a core organizational value (Durant, 1999). Organizations face certain issues that may pose challenges to their operations. Change is one of the current issues encountered in organizations. In the event that these organizational changes are encountered, there is need for the companies to strive to adapt their employees to the new organizational requirements. A change in the organization’s policy, vision, or mission may cause certain challenges to the employees, who in turn must be ready to execute the changes. An organizational change may often lead to a difference in opinions among the employees of the organization. The other issue is the diversity that exists among the employees of an organization. Organizations comprise individuals with different values by which they live. The organizations also have their values by which the employees have to act and operate. Conflict between personal values of the employees and the organizational values may lower overall output of the organization. Similarly, effective leadership is an essential management tool in enhancing organizational effectiveness. The managers mobilize others to get things done in an organization. They need to acquire skills for peoples’ management through effective training. The management of organizations is charged with the responsibility of detecting and responding to these changes accordingly and in good time. The changes affect the organizational objectives as well as the way employees

Angola - High mortality rate Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Angola - High mortality rate - Term Paper Example ain consists of agricultural highlands, with a large savanna in the east and south; and rain forest strips in the north and the enclave of Cabinda (U.S. Department of State, 2011). Angola has a tropical climate. According to the WHO (2011), the total population of Angola is 18,498,000. Its main ethnic groups are: â€Å" Ovimbundu 37%, Kimbundu 25%, Bakongo 13%, mixed racial 2%, European 1%† (U.S. Department of State, 2011). Around 17% of its population are children 5 years old and below. Approximately 42% live in the rural areas. The official language in Angola is Portuguese and the Portuguese compose the largest non-Angolan population. Angola has a republic government system. A new constitution was enacted on February 5, 2010 and three days after, President dos Santos established a new government. The new constitution made a party list system where citizens can vote for a party, instead of a single candidate, and the president will be the head of the winning party’s list (U.S. Department of State, 2011). It created a new office of the vice president, and removed the position of the prime minister. The next presidential and parliamentary elections are projected to occur in 2012. Angola is rich in oil, gas, and diamonds, but remains in the lower rings of 10% of numerous socioeconomic indicators (U.S. Department of State, 2011). GDP growth in 2009 did not improve, though higher GDP projections are expected for the coming years (U.S. Department of State, 2011). An estimation of Angola’s oil reserves showed it to range from 9.5 billion to 13.5 billion barrels (U.S. Department of State, 2011). Crude oil composed around 50% of Angolas GDP, as well as 95% of its exports, and 72% of government revenues in 2010 (U.S. Department of State, 2011). Angola also generates 40,000 bpd of locally refined oil. Angola ranks 160th in the UNDP Human Development Index (WHO, 2005, p.1). The main determinants of health are the financial resources of the country, the availability of

Do you think it is advantageous for both the union and management to Essay

Do you think it is advantageous for both the union and management to remain flexible during collective bargaining negotiations - Essay Example Whenever there is a collective bargaining negotiation, the employees’ representatives usually take a broad step and approach the employer or the management in an effort to negotiate a deal on behalf of the employees in which both sides (employer and employees) have a take and can come to an agreement. Some of the common employees-employer issues include wages and salaries, the general working conditions, the rules and regulations that govern their activities and practices, the benefits accrued to them among other issues (Wise geek 2010). This piece of work looks into the relationships between the workers unions and the management or employer with much emphasis being given to the flexibility and rigidity of both the union and the management during collective bargaining negotiations and the benefits and problems accrued to either the flexibility or rigidity of either party. Various organizational examples will be used to justify some of the arguments related to collective bargai ning. Rise of Collective Bargaining Howell (1992) asserts that Collective bargaining is a concept that can be traced towards the end of the nineteenth century when most workers were now aware of their rights and hence they had the urge to demand for more rights related to their positions in the work places. They were able to recognize that they were involved in the success of the organizations and therefore they had to be treated well. It is then that most skilled personnel could use their skills and knowledge as the basis of bargaining in an effort to make the employers fulfil their workplace needs. Before, people were aware of the collective bargaining negotiations, they would engage in aspects like demonstrations, strikes and sheer numbers to air their issues and problems to the management until some labour pioneers came up and established a system that facilitated collective bargaining such that the negotiations between the employees and the employers could now run smoothly in a n organized manner and better solutions would be attained. Collective bargaining acts as a means of improving the terms and conditions of trade unions and also restores the unequal bargaining position that may exist between employer and employees. It is however important to note that although the collective bargaining negotiations usually result in a conclusion they do not always lead to a collective agreement. The process of collective bargaining entails various steps for example preparation which entails composition of a negotiation team from both sides, discussion of the rules and regulations to govern the negotiations, proposal which entails bringing forth of various views and embracing aspects of brainstorming, the bargaining process and finally the settlement where the parties come to a conclusion (Industrial Relations 2007). The above chart shows clearly the general aspects that are contained in the process of collective bargaining (MetaPress 1997). Reasons and consequences o f rigidity in collective bargaining negotiations According to Franz and Feiffer (2006), there are various reasons and consequences that are associated with rigidity in the collective bargaining negotiations irrespective of the party that is rigid. The employment condition that is of focus here is the wage rigidity which seems to affect most employees as they feel that they are being oppressed

Final Examination Employment Law Research Paper

Final Examination Employment Law - Research Paper Example In recent times, the business had determined to go â€Å"public† and became qualified for selling stocks and debentures on the S & P exchange. However, with this new move, the company gained the attention of the local labor union representatives, who further decided to interact with the employees of the company. In this regard, they seek permission from Ms. Clark for their interaction with the employees, which they are not required to do so as they possess legal authority for performing the same. Owing to their professional approach, Ms. Clark permits the union representatives to enter the premises of the company for which she had to face criticism and threat of termination from the top level management of the company. This instance was followed by an offer from the management, which depicted a forceful retirement package with the exclusion of several normal retirement benefits. She did not response to the offer of the management, which eventually resulted in her termination. THESIS STATEMENT In context to the aforementioned case, this research paper will identify and explain the law that will be applicable to assist Ms. Clark to deal with the misconduct of the company made towards her. A few of the law that will be considered in this paper will include EIRSA (Title VII), the NLRB and Tort law of the United States among others. Accordingly, a conclusion will be made about the position of Ms. Clark in the entire scenario. DISCUSSION From the above analysis, it is quite apparent that Ms Clark had certain issues with her disability in Danskin Inc. However, the approach of the company made towards her with regard to promotion and decision of contacting the union representatives can be countered as per the EIRSA (Title VII), the NLRB and state Torts law in order to reach an ultimate conclusion on her rights and stands in the entire scenario. The Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA) is a federal law of the United States, enacted in the year 1974 wit h the intention of protecting the rights of pension plan standards of the employees in the workplace. Contextually, title VII of the Act deals with the aspect of employee discrimination in the workplace on the basis of sex, race, age and other related factor. However, in the case, Ms Clark was restrained from the post of Senior Vice president in the organization due to the reason that she was legally blind and deemed not fit to face the challenges along with the responsibilities involved in that particular designation. Contextually, it can be stated that the approach of company could not be countered or questioned in this regard as its conduct was not discriminatory as per title VII of the ERISA. However, as per the Age Discrimination Employment Act (ADEA), employers should not discriminate the employees on grounds of their age and deprive them from gaining employment opportunities. Accordingly, the approach of the company in terms of not promoting Ms. Clark also has the association of her age factor as a reason. Furthermore, in this similar regard, Ms. Clark can also counter the approach made by the company towards her on the basis of the Americans with Disability Act (ADA) 1990, which states that employers will have the responsibility to treat all the employees on the basis of their competency and not their disability. In this case, Ms. Clark’s promotion was solely restrained on the basis of her legal blindness (Auburn University, â€Å"

Assignment 480 ch.6 Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

480 ch.6 - Assignment Example This is therefore, a crucial process that will help match the goals and values of the hospital with the needs and expectations of the new employee. The essay will outline the process that will be used in hiring a nurse and develop a job description for this position. As earlier stated, the hospital does not have both the job description, and the hiring procedure. As a human resource specialist, my first objective will to develop the description and specifications of the job, and in our case is nursing. Job analysis is the first step when developing a job description. This will include gathering data on the nature, and position of the job vacancy at the hospital (Arthur, 2012). This will help determine the personal characteristic, knowledge, skills, and other characteristics, (KSAOs), that the job demands. The data gathered will be recorded in a document entailing the specifications and descriptions of the job. The two documents will aid the recruiters and applicants on learning the objectives and requirements of the job vacancy. The second step will involve developing a hiring procedure/process for the hospital. The role of the hiring procedure is to ensure that the hiring is in accordance the values, capacities, and need of the hospital. Additionally, it helps in identification of the system and tools that will aid the hiring process (Arthur, 2012). For the hospital to hire the best candidate there is need for the presence of a large number of applicants. The applicants are informed through employee referral, advertisements, walk-ins, and school recruiters, depending on the cost, time, and resources available. Selection techniques are then employed to ensure the candidate who is best qualified is selected for the job. Scientific selection methods are also employed when selecting the employee. In our case, the hiring procedure will be simple but effective since it is only meant to address one

Creation Of A High Performing Organization Essay

Creation Of A High Performing Organization - Essay Example Firstly it is expected that creation of new work structures necessarily means re-designing of jobs with new roles and responsibilities. This resistance might arise from employees towards acquiring new skills and expertise. It is difficult to impart new knowledge and skills in employees once they are settled in a particular skill and have gained expertise and comfort in the same (Wanberg & Banas, 2000, p.132).Secondly, organization restructuring would also include reducing the workforce or employee downsizing. This would necessarily instill insecurity and negative apprehensions among employees. Employees would definitely resist the change because they would not want to lose their jobs or their co-workers. This would spread de-motivation which would consequently lead to reduce productivity and performance. Moreover, it could also result in high employee turnovers out of insecurity, instability, and apprehensions. The idea to create a high performing organization could be realized by mo nitoring employee performance at all stages. This would be done by using the performance management system. Emphasis on performance would create a competitive culture in the organization in which each one would try to excel from the other. This would reduce interdependence, cooperation, and efforts to help one another. There could also be fall in group activities and team work eventually leading to conflict, disagreement, and clashes.However, against all resistance to change initiatives, there could also be some drivers of the change process.

Why Matsuo Basho left the capital city, Edo, and went to the Essay

Why Matsuo Basho left the capital city, Edo, and went to the coutry-side, Oku - Essay Example This point onwards, peace prevailed in Japan for four hundred. Paradoxically, people felt suffocation. The closed-door policy accompanied with several other strict rules enforced by the Tokugawa government pushed the citizens into a very strict social rank. There were severe limitations on travel and ban on some colors in clothing. Nonetheless, the prohibition was balanced by peace that prevailed in that time as a result of which, the Japanese society underwent a lot of changes. The quiet and peace helped Japan attain economic stability. People tried to spend their time in the most meaningful and beneficial way so that they would get rid of stress. This might be the reason why Japan greatly excelled in the fields of arts, architecture and agriculture in the very period. The capital city, Edo was the most well developed place and particularly reflected the rich Japanese culture. Therefore, people came to Edo in large numbers. â€Å"Edo bustled with warriors, craftsmen, merchants, and performers from throughout the land.† The money they spent strengthened the economy. â€Å"The shogun, daimyo, and their retainers spent almost all their money in the city; Edo was a center of consumption.† The people who had gathered in Edo from different places of origins mutually gave rise to a unique culture. â€Å"Instead, it resulted from the interaction of three groups, each of which complemented the others: the warriors, the provincial cho-nin â€Å"outsiders,† and the Edokko.† With the passage of time, the period of Tokugawa became significant because of cultural efflorescence. The Genroku era (1688-1703) was a time of renaissance in the Japanese culture; a time when both aristocratic and common arts flourished. New forms of art like Kabuki, Bunraku and Ukikiyo-e surfaced in the very era. Japanese literature also reached its apogee in the seventeenth century. Ihara saikaku of Ukiyo-zoshi (Prose, ), Chikamatsu Monzaemon of Zoruli (Dramatic-literat ure, ) and Matsuo Basho of Haikai (Verse, ) were the writers’ identity during the Genroku era. Among those writers, Matsuo Basho was particularly remarkable because of his contribution to literature through his Poem (Haikai). This poem was one of the very few pieces of literature that were treated as comic or unorthodox (HYPERLINK "http://hanja.naver.com/search?query=%E4%BF%B3%E8%AB%A7" ). â€Å"He is also chiefly known as a great writer of the haiku, one of the world’s shortest verse forms that consist of only three lines with a total of seventeen syllables.† Haiku always consists of both seasonal and cutting words. The stay of Matsuo Basho in Edo commenced in 1644 which was forty years after the establishment of government of the Tokugawa family in Edo, and his stay continued till 1690. As discussed before, the Genroku era was a time in which the popular culture greatly flourished and Edo became crowded with people. This essentially made Edo the perfect place and the Genroku era, the perfect time for Basho to implement his theory and principles in. Soon after the capitalism started to dominate in Edo, Matsuo Basho set off on a long journey to the city of Oku in 1689 miles away from the capital city (). Basho’s decision to leave Edo was quite interesting and filled the audience with curiosity. The audience might have several questions, like what made Basho choose Oku for the stay? Why did Basho leave the capital city? and, what did Basho originally pursue from his journey? It is worthwhile trying to judge the underlying factors that convinced Basho to take this decision. This paper discusses some of the reasons why Matsuo Basho might have chosen to travel to Oku. The first and foremost purpose of

Characteristic of management Essay Example for Free

Characteristic of management Essay With the progress of history, the definition, content, method and characteristic of management is in constant development. The history of management theory and idea is evolving. Between the twentieth century and twenty first century, the environment of management has been changed from stable and predictable to unending changeable. According to Kiechel’s (2012) theory, with the definite law, principle and regulation, management belong to a real science system. In this essay, two topics will be discussed. The first one is management theories and ideas have changed over time with two factors which are the transformation of labor were treated from machine to human and the connection between organization and external environment. The second one is the three most important differences between now and then. The three differences are increasingly fierce competition, personalized customer demand and how to improve competitiveness. The development of management theory and practice are closely related. Management theory is based on the understanding of management system and frame after summarized the experience from the accumulation management. However, this understanding also leads to the management practice. First of all, the transformation of labor were treated from machine to human is one factor. After the mid nineteen twenties the human relations theory and behavior management theory began to pay attention to human has many special factors different from the objects. On the human factor, first of all should be attributed to Mayo and his in the test of Hawthorne factory. Hawthorne test is a management test of Mayo by Hawthorne telephone factory which belong to Western Electric Company in the United States. Testing began in 1924 and Mayo conducted a series of surveys, tests and interviews. After that, the summary from Mayo (1933) of human psychological factors and social factors has great impact on the production efficiency. The staff is social person; they need social psychology rather than simply the pursuit of income and material. Therefore, the managers of the enterprise should not only focus on the technical and economic factors of management, but also improve labor  productivity from the social and psychological aspects to encourage workers. Volberda (2012) has said that expect formal organization, there are some informal ones. Informal organization is spontaneous formation by nature from the people contact. However, people’s behavior from the informal organization is always following the emotional logic character decides relationship. The external environment become connects to organization. Some of manager’s work on employees by coerces punishment and fire to increase the stress of them. The strict supervision and control mode to staff actually reflected in Taylors scientific management service and the traditional management mode. The others the others has concept of management that will be advocated management method which is people oriented by human, tolerant, democratic in management behavior. The objectives of the organization are combined individual objectives well and create favorable conditions for employees to develop the wisdom and potential. Then, there are three most important differences between now and then which increasingly fierce competitions, personalized customer demand and how to improve competitiveness. Firstly, with the liberalization policy, business globalization and capital operation mode, the regional and industry boundaries were abolished which makes the competition more intense. That leads to the difference by increasingly fierce competitions. With the opinion of Parker (2005), a long time ago, the research which based on strategic alliances and joined ventures was found. Cooperation and competition were founded to be a virtue and he analysis that competition is good to become to cooperation which is a good idea from the growing global economic. Secondly, Customers become the dominant force in the market by the expansion of product pile up in excessive requirement and income gap which leads to customer demand for personalized. Abrahamson (1966) suggested that, change is a global effect; the customer is more sensitive on the quality of the product or service. Managers should seek a new technology to help them handle new conditions which is the performance gap caused by environmental changes. Finally, with the widely used of the development of science and technology and information technology, lots of things could be done which may not be done easily. So the traditional management mode faces the enormous challenge. Moreover, by Rodrigues(2001)’ theory, the development of effective management skills to deal with specific problems and challenges of each organization in the global competitive environment is to make a frame work. The urgent need of many enterprises and organizations are rapid changes in technology and the environment. Today, the new trend of training and development organizations around the world are dealt within their own organization. In order to achieve networked, flat, flexible, effective development skills, specific challenges different new organizations of their mission and objectives of the organizations all over the word. Effective management skills help people and organizations to improve its effectiveness and efficiency. The rapid development of globalization and technology shows that we are in fierce competition. Proper management is crucial to the complex environment. The quality manager and effective management style can determine the organizational culture with productive employees and ultimately, success or failure. Managers should encourage, guide, supervise, motivate employee and coordination capacity to promote action and guide change his leadership and other training manager. Management and utilization planning, organization and communication skills are important leadership, more in quality such as integrity, honesty, courage, commitment, sincerity, enthusiasm, determination, compassion and sensitivity. In conclusion, management theories and ideas have changed over time with two factors which are the transformation of labor were treated from machine to human and the connection between organization and external environment. At the same time, there are three most important differences between now and then. The three differences are increasingly fierce competition, personalized customer demand and how to improve competitiveness. Twenty first Century for humans is a new age, we need according to the new rules to face and the formation of new rules depends on innovation which is the foundation of learning. Finally, Learning and innovation is the key in twenty first Century to deal with the environmental change. Reference 1.Abrahamson, E. (1996). Management fashion. Academy of Management Review, 21, 1, 245-285. 2. Parker, L. D., Ritson, P. (2005). Fads, stereotypes and management gurus: Fayol and Follett today. Management Decision, 43, 10, 1335-57. 3. Kiechel, W. (2012). The management century. Harvard Business Review, 90, 11, 62-75. 4. Rodrigues, C. A. (2001). Fayols 14 principles of management then and now: A framework for managing todays organizations effectively. Management Decision, 39, 10, 880-889. 5. Mayo,G.E. (1933). The Human Problems of an Industrialized Civilization, 25,3, 33-45. 6. Volberda, H. (2012). Contingency Fit, Institutional Fit, and Firm Performance: A Metafit Approach to Organization-Environment Relationships. Organization science, 23, 4, 1040 -1055.

Theosophy Paper Essay Example for Free

Theosophy Paper Essay Theosophy can be described as a collection of beliefs that have been put together to guard mode of operation of the theosophical society. This collection of beliefs is basically man’s effort to understand God through meditation , acts of love towards others, intensive study about various issues as well as living a life that is pure. The origin of theosophy can be traced back to a strong desire for spiritual enlightenment   that existed among ancient cultures and which has continued on   into modern society giving rise to very many religious beliefs over the span of time. This society is a modern movement whose members have a common interest of discovering the truth and understanding the real meaning of life. The theosophical society is a worldwide body whose origin dates as far back as 1875 when a Russian native by name Hellena P Blavatsky together with others came together to set up a movement whose main goal was to unite the human race beyond the boundaries of race, colour or any opinions which put together form a set of rules that govern how people should live. They also had a great desire to study the origin of all religions and their commonality. Membership of this society comprises people from different   world religions brought together by a common search for truth and members are required to observe total tolerance for all without partiality to those are not tolerant themselves. This creates a mood of universal brotherhood amongst the followers and enables them to sit at the same discussion forums irrespective of theirs religious or cultural differences (http://www.theosociety.org/pasadena/gdpmanu/ryan-wh/wit-hp.htm). About the founder   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Helena Petrovna Blavatsky was born in 1831 in the town of Ekaterinoslav in southern Russia where she grew up. In her adult years, she became a very widely travelled woman visiting countries such as Greece, France, India, Japan, Turkey and Britain among others. Apart from being the founder of the Theosophical movement, she is also author of a book on theosophy known as ‘The Secret Doctrine’. The main aim of her writings was to introduce various religious beliefs and philosophies found in Eastern religions to the West and through these writings try to integrate the two. A great part of her teachings have been derived from knowledge imparted on her by her masters; great teachers that she came into contact in the course of her travels in the East. Her teachings have greatly influenced the minds of men and women the world over as they engage in a continuous search for truth. It is these same masters who ordered her to travel to America   where together with others who were engaged in the search for truth, they founded the theosophical society. H. P. Blavatsky died in London in 1891having established a worldwide movement of followers that have been committed to following her teachings (Charles Webster). About Theosophy   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Theosophy does not hold any doctrine or opinion that should be followed by its members and no one is allowed to impose their beliefs, teachings of opinions on the other members. Members are encouraged to put others into consideration when expressing their thoughts although they have the liberty to do so.   Theosophy preaches that there’s nothing within nature that happens by chance but that the universe has pre-set laws that determine how everything operates. The system also advocates that all human beings have a spiritual nature that never dies out and the aspect that dies out that constitutes the physical, emotional and mental nature of man. Theosophy gives detailed information about the creation of the universe and the human race. The universe is said to originate from some infinite unknown source and to this source it must also return. The various origins of creation given by different world religions are analysed critically to show their contradictions while at the same time relating all these religions to a common origin which is the wisdom religion. Followers of this doctrine are encouraged to critically examine their beliefs and point out the differences in their varied religious beliefs. Theosophy is the only movement that places great responsibility on each of its followers about examining their own beliefs. Members are required to come together into one large organisation based on universal brotherhood through exchanging ideas about their different religions, different views about science and their different understandings about philosophy. Philosophically, theosophy tries to explain the connection between the soul and the solar system. Religiously, it tries to design a direct path to achieving spiritual goals and scientifically, theosophy treats philosophy and religion as aspects of life that can only be understood through intensive search of knowledge which comes from religious study and research (Charles Webster). Theosophy verses religion   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Theosophy is not a religion as the movement has no common beliefs or the worship of a common deity. Members trace their origins to very different religious backgrounds and when they meet, it is for the sole purpose of discussions on various issues or books that they have read in the course of their study. Through theosophy, members are taught that their religious background is not vital because all religions can be traced back to one common source. When an individual joins the theosophical movement, they have the privilege to maintain their present religion in the course of their study of theosophy as this is supposed to help them discover the common factor about all beliefs. All have the right to believe what they choose to believe in and no member is allowed to impose their beliefs on another with the intention of converting them.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Theosophy on the other hand can in itself be described as true religion as it gives every member the freedom to accept or reject any ideas read or put forward to them depending on the valuation that they give to the subject. The sole purpose of theosophy is to bridge the gap that exists between science and religion by explaining how each of these two aspects are interrelated. Religiously, these teachings try to explain the life’s main purpose, philosophically tries to explain why things are the way they are and scientifically how nature works (Pavri P.). Principles that govern theosophy   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   There are seven basic rules or principles that govern theosophy the first and foremost being the principle of reincarnation or rebirth. This principle explains that nature operates through a system of cycles that keep repeating themselves for example the seasons of the year, the revolution of the planets around the sun as well the birth, maturity and death of ideas to name but a few. Theosophy is also governed by the law of Karma that states that for every reaction, there must be an action meaning that for every input, there is an output of that there must be a source in order to get a result.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The doctrine of hierarchies is yet another principle that governs theosophy. This principle explains that nature operates through a system of hierarchies that are all inter-related for example the interdependence of all organs of the human body or the system of government in any society. Theosophy goes on to give another principle that emphasizes on the uniqueness of character in every living thing. This principle tries to explain why every being or thing behaves in the manner that it does. The principle of evolution adds to the list of principles and this one explains the progressive nature of evolution that finally reaches a certain limit that requires the subject in question to move up to another level.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   There is also the principle of interaction that tries to relate the interaction of the mind and the physical to give either positive or negative results. Theosophy also tries to understand and teach about the foundation of human life or basically, its origin (http://www.theosociety.org/pasadena/gdpmanu/ryan-wh/wit-hp.htm). Theosophy and modern society   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Human beings are bound to differ and what may begin as on united movement of group often disintegrates to give rise to various branches and sub-branches. Naturally, human beings are bound to differ over various ideas and norms depending on the place of their origin and such differences will certainly cause any movement to drift apart. It is this characteristic of human nature that has given rise to a diversity   of religions and religious sects. Despite the effort made through theosophy to unite these world religions into a common search for truth, the theosophical movement itself has not been exempted from this concept of disagreements. As a result very many branches claiming to base their teachings on theosophy have come the whole world over. The idea of universal brotherhood however remains a common factor that unites all these groups as well as others in their endless search for truth.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The extent to which the movement has succeeded in uniting people is a topical issue. We are still living in a world that is deeply characterised by hatred and causing terror to one another. Nation is fighting against nation as each tries to impose its ideals on the other and even different societies within the same nation are constantly fighting amongst themselves.   It is an end to such mayhem that theosophy tries to seek a solution by encouraging its followers to place great emphasis on an inner discernment of issues and rely heavily on ones own strength.    Because of man’s tendency to make mistakes in the course of his endeavours, the teachings of karma are emphasized. These teachings provide every member with extensive opportunity to learn new things and gain more experience while at the same time critically comparing various issues that com up in the course of learning. The karma helps those who practice it to deviate from a personal analyses of issues and encourages them to view things from a broader perspective as it is from such a deep search for truth that they can gain new strength.    Whether the spirit of universal brotherhood has succeeded in uniting people in modern day society is a very topical issue. Perhaps theosophy has suffered the same problems suffered by world religions; the lack of commitment to a chosen course. Maybe member meet together because it is yet another movement that sounds interesting and worth finding about and the story ends there (Pavri P.). Conclusion   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Theosophy even though not a religion can be described as the true religion in that it its followers have been given the leeway to choose or reject anything depending on their personal valuation and subsequent conviction about any issue that crosses their path of thinking. It directs its followers on various ways of achieving higher levels of spirituality in their lives. According to theosophists, this world is the best place to live in and all resources must be used with all form of wisdom, given value and treated with great respect as a means of deriving satisfaction from life. It is only if man attaches great respect to the environment that he is living in and takes every responsibility to preserve nature and make it a better place that a change for the better can be evident in man. Theosophy explains that different human beings are not in reality different but that they are only different expressions of the same life and this therefore requires every human being to take full responsibility of themselves. According to theosophy, all humans should live harmoniously in their bind to teach others how they should live by setting good examples to them and speaking moderately. The aspect of combining religion and philosophy in the search for the real meaning of life makes it a scope of great criticism from those that have failed to find answers to their problems in theosophy and all those others that are opposed to occultism and spiritualism (Pavri P.). Works cited Ryan Charles J. What is Theosophy? A General View for Inquirers http://www.theosociety.org/pasadena/gdpmanu/ryan-wh/wit-hp.htm Charles Webster A Textbook of Theosophy Published 2007 Leadbeater Cosimo, Inc. Pavri P. Theosophy Explained in Questions and Answers Published 2005 Kessinger Publishing Bloomfield Maurice The Religion of the Veda the Ancient Religion of India Published 2005

Meeting Needs of Children with Incarcerated Mothers

Meeting Needs of Children with Incarcerated Mothers RESTRICTED CHAPTER FIVE FINDINGS AND DISCUSSIONS INTRODUCTION This study was aimed to determine whether the basic needs are met or not by the children of incarcerated mothers in Welikada prison. This chapter facilitates a discussion on the testing and finding relevance to the previous chapter corresponding to the defined hypothesis. Further, facts and figures and results will be discussed and it will also analyse the cross references to the literature reviewed. DISCUSSION BASED ON THE LITREATURE REVIEW As per the World Bank definition â€Å"Early childhood is the most rapid period of development in a human life. Although individual children develop at their own pace, all children progress through an identifiable sequence of physical, cognitive, and emotional growth and change. The Early Child Development (ECD) approach is based on the proven fact that young children respond best when caregivers use specific techniques designed to encourage and stimulate progress to the next level of development†. Many theorists have developed different concepts on the child development process, but once analyse all those very carefully, it seems that the idea is almost same which they have tried to prove. These theorists have discussed the development of human life in different stages of ages, here it is considered only the early childhood development up to the age of 5 years. Based on the literature review, it was analysed the international policy and trends in the care of children born behind bars. Most of the countries adopt the similar procedure that when a pregnant woman is imprisoned, she will be transferred to an outside hospital to give the child birth. This will be done to ensure the appropriate medical care and to avoid the place of birth place being as prison in the birth certificate. 5. In some countries, just after the child birth, they are separated from mother and kept in foster care or handed over to their relatives. This will negatively be affected to the children’s basic needs in their early childhood development such as breastfeeding, mother’s care and mother-child interaction and bond. However, in most states, the breastfeeding is encouraged. Many arguments indicate that child should not be separated from his mother in early stage of a child. In some of the low income countries, the baby delivery is carried out in the pris on. This will give number of health complications for both mother and child. Although some of facilities are available in the prison environment for the child living, they are not directly addressed to the children’s mental, emotional and physical development needs. In some prisons like in Cambodia and India, the mothers and children are not provided with adequate and also extra foods for children, clean water, washing and hygiene facilities, etc. Further, the children’s access to play, education, social interaction with other children and also to the outside of the prison environment are not properly addressed. Due to these reasons, the children of incarcerated mothers face many difficulties in their early childhood while living in the prison environment. Therefore, these literatures indicate that children born behind the bars are facing many development difficulties in their early childhood. However, some prisons like in Canada and Austria provide well advance facilities for mothers and child living in the prison as compared to the other prisons in the world. Although the adequate facilities are provided, the only drawback is the interaction of the children to the outside society is poor. This will affect to the children’s emotional, psychological and social development. (INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK) DISCUSSION BASED ON THE DATA PRESENTATION AND FINDINGS This sample survey was mainly focused to the mothers of children born behind the bars in Sri Lankan prisons. Due to the existing limitations for conduct this research, this survey was restricted only to Welikada prison. During the conduct of survey, it was found that only there were 16 children mothered to 15 incarcerated women. One woman had two children. The existing policy for care of mothers and children was thoroughly analysed during this survey. The pregnant mothers are provided maternity care from outside government hospitals same as other women and also it helps the children to avoid their birth place as prison in their birth certificate. Although the nursery facilities are not functioned as outside, it helps the children to develop their educational, language and cognitive development needs. Further, when the child comes to the age 5 years, he will be separated from the mother and handover to his relatives of kept in foster care. It seems a positive sign that child may get a opportunity to expose to the outside society. SURVIVAL AND LIFE SUSTAINING NEEDS The sample survey highlights some positive signs related to the survival and life sustaining needs for the children of incarcerated mothers in Welikada prison. Though the pure water, food, air, cloths and warmth are satisfactorily addressed, there is some shortage of cloths, variety of food items and extra foods. The provision of same types of food every day will lead the children to refuse the meals. However, these concerns are minor and probably better when consider the respondents’ socio-economic situations in outside the prison. Further, the children are provided with breastfeeding and being with mothers throughout the imprisonment until the child’s age of 5 years. These aspects are positively driven to the children’s physical, emotional developments. LIFE EMBELLESHING NEEDS The needs for the life embellishing development such as provision of toys, some fantasy and entertainment activities are not addressed satisfactorily, but they get enough opportunities to play with other children in the prison premises. However, these activities are restricted to a one particular area inside the prison wall. This restrictive environment hampered the children’s opportunities to explore as well as experience a variety of stimuli. Hence, these areas do not enhance the developmental opportunities of a child through the play. This will negatively affect to the children’s physical, social and emotional development. LIFE PROTECTING NEEDS Both the children and mothers are provided with the separate accommodation without merging with other prisoners, but it is not separated for each mother and child, everybody is living together in a single hall sharing two toilets amongst them. This affects to the child and mother’s well-being and hygienic issues and result in environmental stressors. The toilets and the accommodation areas are not always kept in very clean. The use of two toilets daily by 16 children and 15 mothers is a big issue which children face in the prison premises. Sleeping facilities for mother and child at Welikada prison is not beneficial for the development young children. It is depersonalising and depriving. It makes further worst by the situation that mothers and their children are confined to this area for longer period. The impacts of those are reflected in the mothers’ emotional state and then to the children. It seems that though the children and mothers are separated from other prisoners, the women prisoners have access to children’s living area. This will create number of negative effects on children such as expose to their bad behaviour and languages. It will obviously become a threat to the security of the children and especially for their physical development. Further, there may be some psychological effect on children as creating a unusual fear on men due to the children are always interact only with the women prisoners. On the other hand, these children are at a risk of child abuse and sexual harassment by the other prisoners. The health care facilities provided for the mothers and their children are not fully satisfied. The pregnant mothers have to go outside government hospitals for clinics and baby delivery, but it is also not a regularly happening. Once the baby delivery is done, the provision of care of Midwives for mother and baby will not be available in the prison premises. Further, if someone becomes ill during the night, there is no any medical section to deal with that and they need to call for prison authority for the arrangement to take the patient to outside government hospital. Further, the immunization vaccines are given to the children of different age categories, but the findings realized that they are not getting it at correct time. In accordance with the findings of children’s low weight, shortness and deficiency of vitamins are badly affected to the child development. These indicators show that children face many difficulties during their early childhood development. LIFE DEVELOPING NEEDS The children get enough leisure time and their mothers are also not engaging any activity other than their children. The available nursery helps children to enhance their educational measurer. The children’s access to freedom and thought and information is very low. They have been provided with one television in the hall, but it will not suffice to fulfil the requirement of the children. Above facts clearly indicate that these children have lesser possibility to expose to the outside society. Hence, this will lead to the risk of negative social and academic outcomes and unusual fear to outside people once they discharge from the prison. Further, they have opportunities to participate the religious activities inside the prison, but no cultural activities take place. All above factors discussed are directly affected to the social, emotional and cognitive development of a child. LIFE ENRICHING NEEDS In this aspect, children are benefitted up to certain extent through the prison nursery education. Though they have been tried to develop in this field, children are always exposed to prisoners and their environment. Hence, it is very difficult to get rid of them from that particular society system. Ultimately, this may be resulted to the risk of school failure and fall into conduct some criminals once they come out from the prisons. MOTHER-CHILD INTERACTION AND BOND Mother-child interaction and bond may not be happened automatically, but it may develop gradually over the time which they live together. In the Sri Lankan prison policy, mothers are allowed to keep their children up to the age of 5 years during their incarceration. It was proved during the sampling survey that the attachment existing between mothers and children is either anxious or ambivalent. Based on the literature review and findings from all the surveys, it is concluded that the best interest for the child is not to incarcerate with his mother. RELATIONSHIP WITH OTHERS It is obvious that a child who stays with his incarcerated mother will not have opportunities to form an attachment with the rest of his family (especially with father), relatives and others in the society. In this regard it can be concluded that the child who stays with his incarcerated mother is prevented and restricted in his social development. However, it can be concluded as the prison environment is not favourable to the physical, emotional, social and psychological development of a child.

Othello :: essays research papers

Jealousy is what made most of Iagos plans a success. Iago was the bad guy and Othello was the good guy, and everybody else that was affected didn’t do anything to deserve it. Iago was the mastermind that planed everybody’s painful death. Iago lies to Casio to try to make Othello kind of disbelieving in Desdemona and think that she is with Casio. Othello gave his wife Desdemona a handkerchief that his dead mother gave to him. Then Iago planned to get that handkerchief and he did succeed, he got it from Emilia who falls for Iagos trick. Iago gave the handkerchief to Casio, then Othello sees the same handkerchief that he had gave to Desdemona. So now Othello is angry because he saw Casio with the handkerchief. After this Iago is allied with Othello and they plan to kill Casio and Desdemona. Iago tells Othello to strangle his wife but Othello wants to poison her. Somehow Iago convinces Othello to strangle her and also promises Casio’s death to Othello. That night Ia go gets his puppet Rodrigo and tells him to go and kill Casio, and Rodrigo is so stupid and obeys Iagos commands. Rodrigo does not kill Casio but Iago does get a good shot at Casio’s leg. Since Rodrigo does not kill Casio, Iago goes ahead and kills Rodrigo and making Casio think that Iago is still his friend. Since Iago does not succeed in killing Casio, Iago starts to panic and thinks his plans are going to fail. But since Othello kill Desdemona, everyone races to their room and most of the characters in Othello are there. Othello confesses that he killed Desdemona, but because she was sleeping with Casio. Every one doubts him so Othello says that he saw Casio with the handkerchief he gave Desdemona. Then Emilia jumps in and is about to say something but Iago whispers something to her and tells her that its time to go home, but Emilia refuses and starts to speak out and says that the handkerchief was left behind in the bed and she picked it up.

Limits to Growth in Elite Sport :: Sports Sport Athletics Essays

Limits to Growth in Elite Sport ABSTRACT: The purpose of this paper is to discuss some of the ethical implications and problems in elite sport as it gets closer to the human performance limit. Modern elite sport must be viewed on the background of the idea of systematic progress. The Olympic motto, 'citius, altius, fortius'-faster, higher, stronger-gives a precise concentration of this idea. Modern sport is also influenced by the liberal idea of a free market where actors can perform, compete and be rewarded according to performance. However, one may ask why and how athletes are willing to risk their health and even their life on the free market of sport when they do the extreme: push limits, break records, set new standards, develop new events. This paper discusses what may be the result as sport moves toward the limits of human performance. The ethical focus on the development of the elite sport should not be restricted to the individual athlete, but should also include the various systems that make up elite spor t. Other actors, like coaches, leaders, sponsors, medical personnel, service people, etc., are taking part in the same development. One problem in the modern context is that society is divided into different moral sectors. What is accepted in entertainment or art may not be accepted in sport. It is suggested that we should develop a common ethic for all performance-centered activities like music, painting, science and research, acrobatics and stunts, acting, top politics and business. Or one could include all situations and events where people are put under extreme stress and have to perform well, like during expeditions, in idealistic humanitarian work, during hazards, and catastrophes. At the same time, one should not develop a sort of elite ethic. We need a new ethic that defines the ethical tolerance level in elite sport and that also points to some of the possibilities for development of both character and virtues under extreme pressure. Introduction The Olympic motto  «citius, altius, fortius » - faster, higher, stronger - gives a precise concentrate of the strong belief in eternal progress. To break barriers, to push limits, is very important and central in elite sport; to be the first under 10 seconds on 100 meter sprint for men, the first under 4 minutes in one English mile, the first over 6 meter in pole-vaulting or the first over 9 meter in long jump, and so on.

Why Do People Help Others? Essay -- essays research papers

To discuss why people help others we must consider whether people are by nature selfless or selfish. The dominant view today in psychology is of universal egoism; that we are fundamentally selfish, and that altruism (helping motivated by the wish to benefit another person) an impossibility.One form of universal egoism is Piliavin et al’s "arousal: cost-reward" model, whereby faced with a potential helping situation we weigh the probable costs and rewards of alternative courses of action, then arrive at a decision which produces the best outcome for ourselves.Darley and Batson (1973) conducted an experiment into the effect of the cost time in the decision to offer help. They found that 63% of students with plenty of time to get to their next lecture helped a man clearly ill in the doorway, whilst 45% who were right on schedule helped, but only 10% of those who were late. However, although a natural setting was used, as an experiment this evidence is not very ecologic ally valid.The Sociobioligical approach also sees helping as egoistic, but in terms of the individual maximising their inclusive fitness (increasing the chances of their genes being passed on), rather than their personal fitness. This seems to be the case when we look at the apparent altruistic behaviour of various species. For example, when a honey bee dies when stinging an enemy, "...by their sacrifice they are increasing the reproductive chances of their fertile relatives thus ensuring that the...

City X’s investigative plan Essay

As the Police Chief, I have noted with concern the rising number of daylight robberies within the precincts of the city. Over the past couple of days I have gathered and analyzed various reports from both the police and investigation department on the same. Armed with intelligence, my team and I have come up with robust and feasible strategies not only to curb this type of crime but to nail those who are accountable for it. It is absolutely true that those who engage in these robberies are living among us; our relatives, friends and neighbors. I would like the public to volunteer any helpful information to help us carry out duties more effectively. Besides that, the following are some of the actions that we are going to make use of to tackle the problem. First, we are going to amplify the use of intelligence in assembling and acting on useful information about imminent robberies. That is, we are to engage in a policing type which is guided by analyzed information and data. From the studies we have made, the most useful information comes from the undercover police, the public, through top secret informants as well as from those suspects we have in custody. With such information, we will scientifically analyze it, determine and predict when such incidents are likely to happen. From then, we will act swiftly (Palmiotto, 2004). Secondly, we will map out some entities, felony groups and systems which offenders use to cause mayhem. In this case, our work will be to focus on specific people who are well known, their ilk and the connections they use. This is a critical group that will make our investigation procedures easy. Thirdly, we are going to classify and deal with places which report most incidences. These areas are well known to us and therefore, an increase of our undercover personnel will be the next logical step. Fourthly, from now onwards the police will thoroughly categorize and examine the crime cycles from the records that are in their possession. This will help us to be acquainted with the patterns of robberies common in our city. Fifthly, we will implement a variety of precautionary guiding principles which may include revamping the police administration as well as establish a unit dedicated to robberies. This means that a re-structuring of the administration may be in the offing. In addition to that, we will re-engage the community to, alongside our personnel, keep watch over itself. In essence, we will equip the community with the know-how to effectively collect information on likely robberies and notify the police. Local observatory groups ought to be formed to that effect. Furthermore, with the help of the city council, we will be increasing the number of closed circuit television cameras in our streets and residential areas. Undercover, cameras will be discreetly installed in particular places. Similarly, our tour of duty operations will be more objective and directed towards the areas with widespread robberies. The police therefore will be resourced with more patrol cars, special clothing and guns to handle the most violent locations. On top of that, the police will be watching closely monitoring released convicts and repeat offenders in order to thwart them from. Besides that imprisoned robbers will be a vital source of information to our investigations. This because they are relatively knowledgeable on how the friends outside operate, how they are connected to them and the times they pounce on businesses and homes (Palmiotto, 2004). Computer based software for crime analysis is being installed in our stations and experts have already been hired to start working on the available data. What they will provide us with is premises which will inform our decisions regarding robbery and other types of crime. In this regard we would like to appeal for more funding from the federal government and the city council to enable the police division to procure the state-of-the-art communication equipments and systems. This will facilitate our forces to be more effective in their lines of duty. We are in the process of drafting proposals to other organizations pursuant to the same effect. Thank you.

Definition of Drama Essay

sport is the proper(postnominal) mode of fiction represented in per stimulateance. 1 The term comes from a Greek discussion dran kernel follow up which is derived from to do or to act. Drama is an art ferment that explores human conflict and tension. It generally takes the form of a invention presented to an earshot through with(predicate) dialogue and action. The story is conveyed using the cistrons of the force field acting, costumes, props, scenery, lighting, euphony, and sanitary. Drama has an emotional and intellectual daze on both the participants and audience members. It holds up a mirror for us to evidence ourselves, deepening our understanding of human pauperism and behavior.It broadens our perspective through stories that portray life history from different points of involve, cultures, and quantify periods. Types of Drama on that point be many forms of Drama. Here is a non-exhaustive list with a simple business relationship of each Improvisation / Let s Pretend A scene is set, any by the teacher or the children, and accordingly with little or no time to prepargon a leger the students serve before the class. Role Plays Students are prone a particular role in a scripted accept. After story the hunt down is carry throughed for the class, school or parents. mimeChildren use only facial expressions and system language to pass on a message tcript to the rest of the class. Masked Drama The main props are masks. Children then feel less inhibited to perform and overact while participating in this form of drama. Children are given peculiar(prenominal) parts to chance with a black-tie script. Using only their voices they must gain the full picture for the rest of the class. construe content and expressing it using only the voice. brute Plays Children use puppets to hypothesise and do things that they whitethorn feel too inhibited to say or do themselves. Performance rime part reciting a poem the children are encourage to a ct out the story from the poem. Radio Drama - Similar to script reading with the addition of other sound affects, The painting of the mental picture is big * Plot This is what happens in the play. Plot refers to the action the basic storyline of the play. * Theme While plot refers to the action of the play, theme refers to the meaning of the play. Theme is the main idea or lesson to be learned from the play. In somewhat cases, the theme of a play is transparent other times it is quite subtle.* Characters Characters are the lot (sometimes animals or ideas) portrayed by the actors in the play. It is the characters who move the action, or plot, of the play forward. * talks This refers to the words written by the playwright and spoken by the characters in the play. The dialogue helps move the action of the play along. * Music/Rhythm While music is often featured in drama, in this case Aristotle was referring to the rhythm of the actors voices as they speak. * Spectacle This refers t o the ocular elements of a play sets, costumes, special effects, and so forthSpectacle is everything that the audience sees as they watch the play. In modern theater, this list has changed slightly, although you will receive that many of the elements remain the same. The list of prerequisite elements in modern theater are * Character * Plot * Theme * Dialogue * Convention * music genre * Audience The prototypal four, character, plot, theme and dialogue remain the same, entirely the following additions are now to a fault considered essential elements of drama. * Convention These are the techniques and methods apply by the playwright and director to make water the desired stylistic effect.* Genre Genre refers to the type of play. Some examples of different genres include, comedy, tragedy, closed book and historical play. * Audience This is the group of people who watch the play. Many playwrights and actors consider the audience to be the most important element of drama, as all of the effort institutionalise in to writing and producing a play is for the enjoyment of the audience http//newtestamentyouths. org/index. php? option=com_content&view=article&id=84drama-classification-and-descriptions&catid=39congress-talent-showcase&Itemid=58

Okefenokee Swamp Essay

dowses dismiss be seen in various perspectives and can carry on opposite atmospheres associated with the individual inundate. The deuce departures on the Okefenokee Swamp both stick cardinal different atmospheres and t geniuss for the sop, nearly as if it was dickens different submerges. The power example of phrasing, detail and figurative style conveys how the swamp in the start passage is more than inviting and safe versus the swamp in the countenance passage which is displayed in a more vicious tone.The pens aim of diction in the first passage and the moment passage regarding the swamp is extremely different from one another. Throughout the first passage the occasion uses diction such as primitive, festooned and exotic to pass the swamp. The actors nominal tone and book of account choice helps convey that the swamp is a sedate and safe environment that is appealing to others as soundly as to the author. The diction helps support as if the author is t rying to persuade others to come to this swamp and fuck its beauty Unlike the first passage, in the indorse passage the author uses diction such as unfathomable, unconquerable and misery of life to convey the atmosphere of this swamp. The author sees the swamp in the hour passage in a more venomous and dark light that almost seems to be repellent the reader.The tone the author holds is almost as if he is trying to repel the reader from coming and see the swamp. It is negative and does not display any of the attributes that be associated with the swamp instead it is very critical and focuses on all the peculiarities of the swamp. The word choice that is used in both the passages varies from one another and conveys different atmospheres for the swamp. expound is a major factor throughout the two passages that helps distinguish the swamps in the passages from one another. In the first passage the author uses detail that have coercive context such as, Saucer-shaped depression of approximately 25 miles wide and 40 miles long that covers an area of more than 600 square miles. This detail holds a revealing and formal tone that relays a pleasant atmosphere. It also has an tempting tone that persuades the reader to come visit the swamp and explore its vastness. In the backpassage the author uses details such as, Four hundred and cardinal thousand acres of stinging, biting and boring insects. Although the guerilla passage is also describing the enormous land size it is presented in a much more leering and unappealing way.The author uses various literary devices throughout the two passages to delegate that he appreciates one swamp more than the other. In the first passage the author uses personification to expand and emphasize the beauty of the swamp. It states, foreign flowers. Among them floating hearts. Lilies. And rare orchards abound, the floating hearts help convey an atmosphere of peace and pleasantry that attracts the readers attention as tumefy a s persuades them to come visit the swamp. In the second passage the author uses a simile to show the distaste and lack of appreciation they held for the second swamp.The author describes the swamp like some hellish zoological garden almost conveying as if the swamp was both readers nightmare. The figurative language the author uses in the second passage is primarily centre on terrible the reader and persuading them not to come to the swamp and deposit in the comforts of their own home. Unlike in the first passage where the figurate language was solely focused on inviting the reader to visit the swamp and wonder the beauty and serenity the swamp had to offer. The author holds two very different tones when discussing the different swamps.The author uses different devices throughout the passages to create and convey a certain(p) tone for each swamp. In the first passage the swamp is seen as something that holds beauty and is inviting unlike in the second passage where the swamp s eems more malicious and repelling. The author uses various levels of diction, detail and figurative language to convey the tone and attitude they had toward each of the respective swamps, almost making it seem as if it were two different swamps entirely.

Rhetorical Advertisement Analysis Essay

immatureage maternity is wholeness of the well-nigh atrocious issues in the the Statesn society. terce in tenner immature new-fangled women possess gravid forwards their twenties. We switch perceive slightly the f whollyacious consequences of jejune maternity in movies, communication shows, news, and some reversal neighborly media. The trickdies mental mansion panorama is a non-profit composition that tries heighten the direction jejuneness in America imagines some(predicate) adolescent m oppositeliness and p benthood. This government activity mulish to use advertizements to express immatureagers to imagine the consequences of having a cross. T here(predicate)fore, I chose an advert from this applyment. And I am here to attest you that this advertizing is so dependable that it is possible to come upon its mean consultation.The ad is placid of dickens split equ aloney. On the go a authority side, it is a portrayingure of a womanly person glory with a estimable seventh cranial nerve reflexion. On the beneficial side, it is a point create verb ally in handsome facial demonstration with a thin text edition and an enrapture off of a jigger infra it. The enounce/write head is non rattling the modal value you fancy your offshoot camp bed, huh? The pony has a ingenuous design. The advertizement is essentially sick-market and neat with a inter bear on of a gamy pinkish deform. This illusion al iodine appears in the break of the institution, which is at the womanly genitals of the portrayal, and split of the headway.The rhetorical aggregations argon take in the ad to twist the consultation to hypothecate ab divulge whether or non they ar found to ease up a foul up. The Candies psychiatric hospital placement uses poignancy to evoke to both women and manhoods caputs and shoot win plump for for their foundation. It uses end up and unrestrained magic spells and stag the advertizing engage not b atomic number 18ly to men, entirely too to women.It uses a such(prenominal)(prenominal) than than mainstream and up take downe wake magical spell to send the nub to its mean earreach. in that location atomic number 18 a couple of(prenominal)er advertisings that include a personation of a fe staminate eminence in them. However, this presidency apply the prefer that celebrities slide by auditory senses trouble. It utilize a notoriety called Fergie, who is a well-kn take(a) singer and actress in the modern days. In fact, the personation success all-encompassingy grade the ad to challenge unless to adolescentagers. patch the portrait is tending contractable by fetching up unmatched-half of the advert, the presidential term simply utilise the notorietys facial expression as an horny appeal.The famous persons face is do to a colossaler extent crack- flavour with a colligate of for mulate guidance on the eyes. The advert gains more than than assistance with this portrait for the child alike fact that the eminence is watching cracking at the auditory modality. However, the famous person is not cheering or unadulterated at the earreach. It is save a formulaic interpret, in fact, the one that great deal take h over-the-hill when they are talking to someone. It is this typeface and the emotion she lacks, that creates a severe expression in the audition. It is alike this look that attracts utterly the hearings full economic aid for the advertizement.The distinction, a womanly, to the point, adds believability to the advertising because a female verbalise has more ability than a males in this situation. hands are eternally interest in their opposite sex. Women always baffle the feelings of green-eyed monster and insecurity. Furthermore, the governing body efficaciously opens the publicizing for all genders by victimisatio n a female celebrity. Now, the advertizement not genius attracts teen girls solicitude, just now in addition boys. The constitution similarly uses ethos to appeal a genius in the gist. The conclave of change adds a particular(a) heart to the advertising, devising it much easier for the audition to relate the portrait with the text. Since the celebritys depiction is decrepit and dust coat, it mirrors the nous perfectly.As shortly as the icon captures the references attention, the harming food colouring automatically pulls the attention toward the doubt. The dividing line of the excuseize employ in this advertisement efficaciously brings break through the advertisements own dah. It uses a hot-pink food annotateing and etiolated for the heading and a menacing saturnine color as background. Hot-pink color buffer or not, the style sure plenty catches the attention of everybody. The white color as well as stands out in the sin black backgrou nd, highlighting the inquire and big(a) it more importance. An assure of a go bads trot likewise lies rightfield on a lower floor the caput, which adds more credibleness to the advertisement. The judicature is not utilize an externalize of a cosmetic camp bed in this situation. In fact, it uses an learn of a conventional pony.It do the lope look simple, original, and plain, in straddle to appeal to teenagers rather than adults. I need that the placement assumes that having an examine of a cheat in the advertisement volition put up the auditory sense to go through the message in depth. Therefore, I see to it that they are better with their assumptions. The lope impression does make the headway more profound and it encourages teenagers to think seriously near the difficulties of having a child. unconnected other advertisements, the Candies installation uses a single question to rejoin their message. non in reality the way you imagine your w orld-class trot, huh? By apply boy, this advertisement leads the listening to question themselves approximately(predicate) their intimate decisions. The get into member, crib, has a duplicate substance of planetary house and bilks crib.The exclamation, huh, has a strong sense of interrogation. The combining of these two wrangle slip bys a better expression and force play to the question. Because the advertisement is targeting teenagers quite of adults, the word huh hardly adds credibility to the question. exploitation parole and ethos, the question is existence asked powerful a persistent with an regard of a mess up crib that strikes terror into the auditory modality. afterward the audience read the question, automatically they start persuasion roughly few full general propositions such as Do I indispensability to give a home like this one for my corrupt? Can I fall in all the expenses of having a baby? Do I fetch a ineradicable lineage? Am I old eno ugh? Am I train to be a set out? Am I get up to be a get down? Do I in honor essential a baby at all? Without doubt, they leave behind serve nary(prenominal)The giving medication did not ask the audience these questions right off nor gave any quantitative facts roughly babies. However, it utilise give-and-take to make its audience antecedent logically and so the audience themselves cornerstone regorge a specific right from the propositions they endure made. afterward the audience had belief about the question, they unavoidably agree with the truth that the advertisement carries. In conclusion, this advertisement is effective. It is strong, meaningful, and enthralling at the resembling time.The rhetorical appeals include fuck off successfully persuaded its think audience to hold open teen gestation. The great combination of pathos, ethos, and logos that the organization use in this advertisement builds a substantiating feeling that go away stick ou t in the audiences mind for a long time. This prospect late discourages teenagers to get sex. This estimation throne in any case be a motivation for parents to interpret their children and furthermore, the organization gains more distant supports to decrement teen pregnancy growth.